Table 2. Dietary intake of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients and controls.

Dietary intakes	Cases (n = 196)	Controls (n = 803)	p value
Red meats (g/1,000 kcal)	20.76 ± 19.17	10.71 ± 7.47	< 0.001
Processed meats (g/1,000 kcal)	3.0 ± 3.88	1.81 ± 3.08	< 0.001
Visceral meats (g/1,000 kcal)	1.43 ± 6.07	1.70 ± 4.49	0.480
Vegetables (g/1,000 kcal)	162.9 ± 102.4	123.6 ± 67.9	< 0.001
Fruits (g/1,000 kcal)	222.3 ± 118.3	147.3 ± 75.4	< 0.001
MUFA/SAFA (g/1,000 kcal)	0.4 ± 0.2	0.3 ± 0.2	< 0.001
Nuts and legumes (g/1,000 kcal)	16.8 ± 10.0	25.7 ± 16.5	< 0.001
Cereals (g/1,000 kcal)	161.1 ± 62.3	176.1 ± 58.7	0.003
Whole grain (g/1,000 kcal)	24.9 ± 29.4	24.9 ± 30.2	0.115
Fish (g/1,000 kcal)	7.4 ± 8.8	3.3 ± 4.4	< 0.001
Dairy (g/1,000 kcal)	160.6 ± 91.0	109.2 ± 63.5	< 0.001
Low-fat dairy (g/1,000 kcal)	88.5 ± 84.3	48.8 ± 57.9	< 0.001
Soft drinks and sweets (g/1,000 kcal)	36.7 ± 34.4	18.7 ± 18.1	< 0.001
Total energy intake (kcal)	2,757.9 ± 961.1	2,804.6 ± 840.7	0.499
Protein (% of energy)	15.8 ± 2.9	14.1 ± 2.3	< 0.001
Carbohydrate (% of energy)	58.2 ± 6.3	59.8 ± 13.3	0.014
Fat (% of energy)	29.2 ± 5.3	33.8 ± 5.7	< 0.001
Sodium (mg/1,000 kcal)	1,558.3 ± 747.5	1,436.4 ± 314.6	0.026
Total dietary fiber (g/1,000 kcal)	19.2 ± 7.9	16.7 ± 5.4	< 0.001
Simple sugar (g/day)	150.6 ± 77.3	133.3 ± 50.0	0.003

Data are presented as mean ± SD.

MUFA, mono unsaturated fatty acid; SAFA, saturated fatty acids.