Table 2.
Research methods, classification and functions of main microorganisms in Huangjiu.
| Research method | Classification | Affect flavor | Safety risk |
|---|---|---|---|
| New methods | Moulds: Rhizopus oryzae, Mucor circinelloides, Mucor indicus, Rhizopus microspores, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus flavus, Monascus purpureus | Moulds: Mucor indicus, Rhizopus oryzae | |
| Metagenomic sequencing | |||
| High-throughput sequencing (HTS) | |||
| 454 Pyrosequencing | Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomycopsis fibuligera, Pichia guilliermondii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, Candida glabrata, Pichia fabianii | Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia guilliermondii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus | Yeast: Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| Flow cytometry (FCM) | |||
| Traditional methods | |||
| Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) | |||
| Random amplified polymorphic analysis (RAPD) | Bacteria: Janthinobacterium lividum, Lactobacillus plantarum, Weissella soli, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus brevis, Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Pediococcus acidilactici, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus aryabhattai and Bacillus megaterium ra | Bacteria: Lactobacillus plantarum, Aspergillus niger, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus acidipiscis, Lactobacillus alimentarius occus | Bacteria: Pediococcus parvulus, Lactobacillus hilgardii, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus brevis, Lactococcus lactis, Staphylococcus xylosus |
| Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) | |||
| Real-time fluorescence PCR | |||
| Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) |