Exosomal PD-L1 reduces local inflammation at the fracture site. (A-C) The IL-6, TNF-α, and Granzyme B expression in the different treatment groups on 14 days post-fracture were detected by qRT-PCR, n = 3. (D) The expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and Granzyme B were measured by western blot. (E-H) The alteration of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells ratio in spleen (E) and lymph nodes (G) were observed by FCM analysis. (F) and (H) are the statistical results of (E) and (G) respectively. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.