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. 2022 Feb 14;22:128. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-02834-w

Table 1.

Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics

Age, mean ± SD, (N=1071) 83.7 ± 6.0
Sex, women, n/N (%) 740/1085 (68.3%)
Marital status and children (N=1083)
 Married/common low partner 467 (43.1%)
 Widowed/divorced/unmarried 616 (56.9%)
 At least one children 957 (88.4%)
 Living alone 583 (53.8%)
Socio-professional categorya(N=1031)
 Low 736 (71.4%)
 Intermediate 180 (17.5%)
 High 115 (11.2%)
Educationb(N=1083)
 Low 203 (18.7%)
 Medium 468 (43.2%)
 High 412 (38.0%)
Vital signs (mean±SD)
 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg), N=1039 134.3 ± 16.8
 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), N=1039 73.3 ± 10.0
 Heart rate (bpm), N=1018 70.9 ± 9.7
 Body mass index (kg/m2), N=1054 26.5 ± 5.2
Abnormal clinical examination (N=1074)
 Cardiovascular 882 (82.1%)
 Musculoskeletal system 473 (44.0%)
 Neurologic 343 (31.9%)
 Skin 170 (15.8%)
 Abdomen 140 (13.0%)
 Oral health 134 (12.5%)
 Pulmonary 100 (9.3%)
 Hydration 51 (4.7%)
Cardiovascular morbidities, n/N (%)
 Hypertension 792/1054 (75.1%)
 Dyslipidaemia 497 /1049 (47.4%)
 Obesity 272/1047 (26.0%)
 Diabetes 226/1048 (21.6%)
 Smoking 140/1045 (13.4%)
 Alcohol consumption 47/1050 (4.5%)
 At least one comorbidity 933/1055 (88.4%)
 At least two comorbidities 605/1055 (57.3%)
 5 and more medications daily 846/1014 (83.4%)
Health status and frailty
 MNA total score, mean ± SD, (N=1062) 23.3 ± 4.1
  < 17 80/1062 (7.5%)
  17 – 24 396/1062 (37.3%)
  ≥ 24 586/1062 (55.2%)
 SPPB total score, mean ± SD, (N=911) 6.7 ± 3.6
  0 – 6 428/911 (47.0%)
  7 – 9 240/911 (26.3%)
10-12 243/911 (26.7%)
 Fried total score, mean ± SD, (N=753) 2.0 ± 1.2
  Frail 240/753 (31.9%)
  Pre-frail 439/753 (58.3%)
  Robust 74/753 (9.8%)
 EQ-VAS, mean ± SD, (N=792) 57.8 ± 18.2
Mental function
 MMSE total score, mean ± SD, (N=973) 24.2 ± 4.9
  Pathologic MMSE 384/973 (39.5%)
 5-WT, mean ± SD, (N=826) 9.1 ± 1.7
  5-WT < 9 170/826 (20.6%)
 CDT failure 417/823 (50.7%)
 At least one pathologic verbal fluency 510/727 (70.2%)
  Pathologic categorial fluency 451/727 (62.0%)
  Pathologic literal fluency 227/727 (31.2%)
 GDS, mean ± SD, (N=810) 9.9 ± 5.5
  5 – 9 (risk of depression) 272/810 (33.6%)
  9 (depression) 397/810 (49.0%)
Functional status
 ADL score, mean ± SD, (N=1070) 5.0 ± 1.2
  ADL ≤ 5 716/1070 (66.9%)
 IADL score, mean ± SD, (N=1069) 5.1 ± 2.3
  IADL ≤ 7 910/1069 (85.1%)
 SMAF total score, mean ± SD, (N=1063) -21.6 ± 14.5
  0 – -8 (independent) 197/1063 (18.5%)
  -8 – -16 (moderate dependency) 232/1063 (21.8%)
  ≤ -16 (loss of independence) 634/1063 (59.6%)
 GIR score, mean ± SD, (N=1053) 4.6 ± 1.3
  GIR 1 or 2 (strong dependency) 66/1053 (6.3%)
  GIR 3 or 4 (moderate dependency) 474/1053 (45.0%)
  GIR 5 or 6 (mild dependency) 513/1053 (48.7%)

aLow (employee, worker, farmer, housewife/husband); High (Manager, Executive manager, licensed professional), intermediate (other status)

bLow (can read, write, count); medium (primary certificate level); high (secondary school, high school, university)