TABLE 2.

Antimicrobial activity of S. jambos extracts.

Extract	Tested strains	Key results	Reference
Leaves
Methanol extract	Alcaligenes faecalis	MIC = 797.5 µg/ml	Mohanty and Cock, (2010)
	A. Hydropilia	MIC = 384.6 µg/ml
	Bacillus cereus	MIC = 182.6 µg/ml
	S. aureus	MIC = 46.5 µg/ml
	Aeromonas hydrophilia, Citrobacter freundii, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, P. fluorescens, Salmonella newport, Serratia marcescens, Shigella sonnei, S. epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes	These bacteria were not susceptible by S. jambos leaf extract
Ethanolic extract	Chromobacterium violaceum DMST 21761	At 500 µg/ml, a highest inhibition in QS-dependent violacein pigment production was observed up to 90%	Musthafa et al. (2017)
	P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853
Ethanolic extract	P. aeruginosa	At sub-MIC (500 µg/ml), the extract showed significant reduction in QS-regulated virulence determinants	Rajkumari et al. (2018a)
		The extract showed also 31.96% of decreases in biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa
Ethanolic extract	P. acnes	MIC = 31.3 µg/ml	Sharma et al. (2013)
Hydroethanolic extract	S. aureus, E. coli, A. niger, C. albicans	S. aureus: MIC between 200 and 300 μg/ml	Donatini et al. (2013)
		No activity against E. coli, A. niger and C. albicans at 1,000 and 2000 μg/ml
Decoction	P. vulgaris (ATCC 6896)	MIC = 31 μg/ml and MBC = 1.0 mg/ml	Luciano-Montalvo et al. (2013)
	S. saprophyticus (ATCC 15305)	MIC = 500 μg/ml and MBC = 2.0 mg/ml
	S. aureus (ATCC 6341)	MIC = 500 μg/ml and MBC = 1.0 mg/ml
Aqueous and methanolic extracts	C. albicans (ATCC10231)	IZ = 8–13 mm	Noé et al. (2019)
	Epidermophyton floccosum (ATCC 26072)	IZ = > 16 mm
	Microsporum gypseum (ATCC7911)	IZ = 12.3 mm
	Trichophyton mentagrophytes BSL2 (ATCC 13996)	IZ > 10 mm
	Trichophyton rubrum (ATCC 22402)	IZ > 10 mm
Ethanolic extract	S. aureus	Φmm = 20 mm	Khalaf et al. (2021)
	E. coli	Φmm = 8 mm
	C. albicans	Φmm = 21 mm
	A. niger	Φmm = 7 mm
Acetone extract	Staphylococcus aureus	MIC = 128 μg/ml	Panthong and Voravuthikunchai, (2020)
85% MeOH	S. aureus, Methicillin-resistant, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and A. niger	Φ = 13.5, 11.0, 13.5, and 11.5 mm, respectively	Ghareeb et al. (2016)
Defatted 85% MeOH		Φmm ranging between 10 and 13.5 mm
Petroleum ether		Φmm ranging between 8.5 and 11.5 mm
Dichloromethane		Φmm ranging between 9 and 11.5 mm
Ethyl acetate		Φmm ranging between 11.5 and 13.5 mm
n-Butanol		Φmm ranging between 9.5 and 14.5 mm
Aqueous		Φmm ranging between 12.5 and 15.5 mm
Methanolic extract	26 strains of S. aureus	MIC ranging between 32 and 512 μg/ml	Wamba et al. (2018)
	Enterobacter aerogenes EA294	MIC = 64 μg/ml
	Enterobacter cloacae (ECCI69)	MIC = 512 μg/ml
	Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA01, PA124)	MIC = 512 μg/ml
	Providencia stuartii (NEA16, PS2636)	MIC = 128 and 256 μg/ml, respectively
	Klebsiella pneumoniae K24	MIC = 64 μg/ml
	E. coli	MIC range of 128 and 512 μg/ml
Bark, leaves and seeds
Acetone extract	Staphylococcus aureus	Φmm ranging between 7 and 12 mm
Aqueous extract	Bacillus subtilis	Φmm ranging between 12 and 16 mm	Murugan et al. (2011)
	Escherichia coli	Φmm ranging between 6 and 17 mm
	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Φmm ranging between 12 and 15 mm
	Proteus vulgaris	Φmm ranging between 9 and 12 mm
	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Φmm ranging between 12 and 15 mm
	Salmonella typhi	Φmm ranging between 8 and 12 mm
	Vibrio cholera	Φmm ranging between 12 and 15 mm
Bark
Acetone and aqueous extracts	S. aureus	MIC ranged between 500 and 1,000 μg/ml	Djipa et al. (2000)
	Y. enterocolitica	MIC ranged between 250 and 750 μg/ml
	S. hominis	MIC ranged between 15 and 250 μg/ml
	S. cohnii	MIC = 250 μg/ml, in both extracts
	S. warneri	MIC ranged between 15 and 750 μg/ml
Flower
85% MeOH	S. aureus, Methicillin-resistant, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, A. niger	Φmm between 8.5 and 10.5 mm	Ghareeb et al. (2016)
Seeds
Aqueous extract	Microsporum gypseum	IZ = 28.75 mm	Sakander, et al. (2015)
	Microsporum canis	IZ = 30.25 mm
	Candida albicans	IZ = 16 mm