TABLE 4.

In vivo effects of S. jambos extracts.

Extract	Doses	Route	Model	Activity	Country	Effects	Reference
Aerial parts
Hydro-alcoholic	100–300 mg/kg	Intraperitoneal injection	Male Sprague–Dawley rats	Anti-inflammatory	Venezuela	Analgesic effect on inflammatory cutaneous and deep muscle pain	Ávila-Peña et al. (2007)
Leaves
Hydroethanolic	400 mg/kg	Oral	Gastric injury induced by HCL/ethanol to rats	Anti-ulcerogenic	Brazil	Reduction of the subcronic ulcer	Donatini et al. (2009)
Ethanolic	400 mg/kg	Oral	Rats, induced with acute inflammation	Anti-inflammatory	Bangladesh	Acute anti-inflammatory activity	Hossain et al. (2016)
Methanolic	200 mg/kg	Oral	Rats, CCl4 acute induced hepatic injury	Hepatoprotective	Egypt	The extract decreased the levels of all measured liver makers, including ALT, AST, TB, TC, TG, and MDA, while increasing GSH and SOD.	Sobeh et al. (2018)
	200 μg/ml	Juglone induced oxidative stress	Caenorhabditis elegans	Antioxidant		Decrease the intracellular ROS level in a dose dependent manner by 59.22%, the survival activity was also very low and dose dependent
Methanolic	100–200 mg/kg	Oral	Paracetamol-induced hepatic damage in Wistar albino rats	Hepatoprotective	-	The extract cased a significant decrease in the serum hepatic enzyme levels, SGOT, SGPT, ALKP, and serum Bilirubin in dose-dependent manner	Selvam et al. (2013)
Ethanolic	300 mg/kg	Intraperitoneal injection/oral	Rats, CCl4 induced hepatic injury	Hepatoprotective	Bangladesh	Gradual normalization of serum markers enzyme (SGPT, SGOT, ALP), total bilirubin, total protein, and liver weight	Islam et al. (2012)
Methanolic	250 mg/kg	NS	Rats, Ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis model	Antiurolithiatic	India	reduced the phosphorus, calcium, urea, and creatinine levels in the serum	Deka et al. (2021)
Ethanolic	500 μg/ml	NS	S. cerevisiae (wild type and mutant strain)	Antioxidant	India	H2O2 scavenging potential	Rajkumari et al. (2018b)
Decoction	220 mg/kg	Oral	C57BL/J ob/ob Mice	Hypoglycemic	Puerto Rico	Better blood glucose modulation over time	Gavillán-Suárez et al. (2015)
Bark
Aqueous	100–200 mg/kg	Oral	Streptozotocin–induced diabetes in rats	Antidiabetic	Egypt	Protective effects against STZ-induced diabetes	Mahmoud et al. (2021)
						Improvement in glycemic parameters
						Suppression of pancreatic oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and insulin signaling pathway in the liver
Fruit
Pectic polysaccharides	150, 250 mg/kg	Intraperitoneal injection	Mice bearing Ehrlich solid tumor	Antitumor	Brazil	Reduced tumor growth and improved the body weight of tumor bearing mice	Tamiello et al. (2018a)

Ns: Not specified.