Table 4. Effects of physical activity interventions that use wearables on outcomes related to pain, physical function, general health and psychological distress in adults after orthopaedic surgery.
| Outcomes | Study name | Mean±SD (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Control group | ||
| Pain | |||
| Verbal Pain Severity (McGill Pain Questionnaire) (score range from 0 to 5) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 4.24±0.75 | 4.18±0.93 |
| 3 weeks after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 0.79±0.69 | 1.06±0.85 |
| 1 month after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 0.61±0.60 | 0.88±0.88 |
| 2 month after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 0.55±0.66 | 1.06±0.88 |
| 3 month after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 0.55±0.71 | 0.79±1.00 |
| KOOS Pain (score range from 0 to 100) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 47.0±16.0 | 45.0±18.0 |
| 6 months after surgery | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 86.0±13.8 | 85.4±15.3 |
| EQ-5D Pain (score range from 0 to 5) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 3.2±0.9 | 3.3±0.6 |
| 6 months after surgery | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 1.7±0.8 | 1.8±0.7 |
| ODI: Disability (score range from 0 to 100) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 37.09±6.41 | 36.91±8.36 |
| 3 weeks after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 11.15±5.30 | 13.65±7.36 |
| 1 month after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 7.76±4.55 | 9.62±7.63 |
| 2 month after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 5.09±5.35 | 9.06±8.439 |
| 3 month after surgery | Aldemir et al, 2021 [39] | 3.45±5.04 | 6.65±6.26 |
| Physical function | |||
| 6 minute walk test, meters | |||
| Baseline (6 to 8 weeks after surgery) | Paxton et al, 2018 [36] | 455±115 (408, 512) | 466±98 (428, 516) |
| 4.5 to 5 months after surgery | Paxton et al, 2018 [36] | 510±122 (458, 574) | 521±96 (480, 574) |
| TUG, seconds | |||
| Baseline (6 to 8 weeks after surgery) | Paxton et al, 2018 [36] | 9.17±2.77 (7.94, 10.34) | 8.76±1.94 (7.91, 9.61) |
| 4.5 to 5 months after surgery | Paxton et al, 2018 [36] | 8.23±4.42 (7.10, 9.37) | 8.09±1.91 (7.19, 8.98) |
| Gait speed, 4 meter walk test (meters/second) | |||
| Baseline (6 to 8 weeks after surgery) | Paxton et al, 2018 [36] | 1.66±0.33 (1.33, 1.98) | 1.52±0.35 (1.18, 1.86) |
| 4.5 to 5 months after surgery | Paxton et al, 2018 [36] | 1.71±0.37 (1.35, 2.08) | 1.61±0.54 (1.08, 2.14) |
| KOOS Function (score range from 0 to 100) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 50.0±18.0 | 51.0±21.0 |
| 6 months post surgery | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 87.3±10.2 | 86.4±13.7 |
| KOOS Quality of Life (score range from 0 to 100) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 30.0±19.0 | 33.0±18.0 |
| 6 months post surgery | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 75.5±17.2 | 75.5±17.2 |
| EQ-5D Anxiety/depression (score range from 0 to 5) | |||
| Preoperative visit | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 1.6±0.9 | 1.6±0.8 |
| 6 months post surgery | Van der Walt et al, 2018 [38] | 1.2±0.6 | 1.3±0.6 |
ODI = Oswestry Disability Index; TUG = Time UP and Go Test; EQ-5D = EuroQol-5, total score of each subscale is 5; KOOS = Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and total score of each subscale is 10