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. 2022 Feb 2;16:820106. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.820106

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Imbalance of the gut flora induces production of proinflammatory factors through immune pathway, which causes neuroinflammatory response and cause cognitive and emotional dysfunction. Gut microbes also produce short-chain fatty acids, which are signaling molecules acting on central nervous system to cause cognitive and emotional dysfunction in the brain.