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. 2022 Feb 15;12:2501. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-04772-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Schematic diagram of the ultra-broadband adjustable metamaterial absorbing structure based on VO₂. Four-ring nested VO₂ periodic array structure with thickness of 0.5 μm is embedded between two layers of SiO₂. Bottom layer is 1 μm-thick VO₂ film. At 358 K, VO₂ transforms into metal state, and the structure exhibits THz broadband absorption characteristics. (b) Side-view and (c) top-view of unit cell. Geometric parameters are p = 90 μm, r₁ = 42 μm, r₂ = 34 μm, r₃ = 25 μm, r₄ = 19 μm, t₁ = 22 μm, t₂ = 39 μm, d₁ = 1 μm, d₂ = 0.5 μm, and w = 2 μm, respectively.