. 2022 Jan 7;28(1):223–249. doi: 10.1007/s12298-021-01120-0

Table 3.

Comparative lipid peroxidation activity of leaf, stem, and root extracts of P. integrifolia in different seasons

Concentration (µg/ml)	Ethanol extract			Methanol extract
Concentration (µg/ml)	Rainy	Summer	Winter	Rainy	Summer	Winter
Inhibition Percentage (Leaf)
50	3.75 ± 1.35**	3.43 ± 0.76**	3.29 ± 1.01*	14.57 ± 2.15*	14.28 ± 0.29**	14.12 ± 1.56*
100	6.51 ± 1.21*	6.29 ± 0.29**	6.19 ± 0.12**	21.78 ± 0.68**	21.23 ± 0.18**	20.89 ± 0.37*
200	20.79 ± 0.21**	19.89 ± 0.23*	18.28 ± 1.29*	24.80 ± 1.40**	23.94 ± 0.18**	22.45 ± 0.28**
300	30.32 ± 1.92*	29.97 ± 0.29*	29.18 ± 2.19**	31.24 ± 0.56*	30.19 ± 0.17**	30.10 ± 0.29**
400	41.47 ± 2.06*	40.49 ± 0.28**	40.19 ± 1.28**	37.30 ± 0.65**	36.20 ± 0.53*	35.95 ± 0.39**
500	52.75 ± 1.89**	51.02 ± 1.26*	50.78 ± 0.18*	41.47 ± 1.50**	41.00 ± 0.65*	41.00 ± 0.29*
600				52.83 ± 1.13**	51.26 ± 0.18**	50.87 ± 0.27**
700
EC₅₀	503.15 ± 0.19	527.54 ± 0.26	531.37 ± 1.12	579.56 ± 0.76	587.19 ± 0.19	589.14 ± 0.56
Inhibition Percentage (Stem)
50	1.67 ± 0.33*	1.65 ± 1.02**	1.47 ± 0.67*	4.19 ± 0.17*	4.10 ± 1.20**	4.01 ± 0.36**
100	4.39 ± 0.38**	3.98 ± 0.28**	3.37 ± 0.48**	6.96 ± 0.19**	6.46 ± 0.29*	6.34 ± 0.28**
200	8.31 ± 0.39**	8.19 ± 0.17^ns	8.11 ± 0.34**	11.47 ± 0.50^ns	11.17 ± 0.25*	11.56 ± 0.45^ns
300	17.68 ± 0.57*	17.28 ± 1.11^ns	16.57 ± 0.49*	15.39 ± 0.57**	15.32 ± 0.29**	15.35 ± 0.56*
400	28.03 ± 0.44**	27.39 ± 0.26^ns	26.89 ± 0.45^ns	20.93 ± 0.43*	19.59 ± 0.92^ns	18.79 ± 0.88^ns
500	38.13 ± 0.18**	37.75 ± 0.38*	37.27 ± 0.28^ns	26.69 ± 0.51**	26.16 ± 1.27**	26.19 ± 0.27**
600	47.99 ± 0.59**	47.10 ± 1.45*	47.00 ± 2.01**	33.34 ± 1.18*	33.18 ± 0.22**	33.00 ± 0.84**
700	56.58 ± 1.67**	54.87 ± 0.28**	54.03 ± 1.56*	41.39 ± 0.93**	40.11 ± 0.33*	39.79 ± 0.19**
800				47.81 ± 0.71**	46.28 ± 0.28**	45.09 ± 0.98^ns
900				56.63 ± 1.64**	55.35 ± 0.56*	54.93 ± 0.29*
1000
1200
1400
EC₅₀	684.23 ± 0.12	698.57 ± 0.34	704.34 ± 0.57	856.19 ± 0.39	875.12 ± 0.33	882.18 ± 1.22
Inhibition Percentage ( Root)
50	3.82 ± 0.48**	3.32 ± 0.33**	3.33 ± 0.98**	3.36 ± 0.48**	3.25 ± 0.19**	3.18 ± 0.46*
100	14.35 ± 1.91*	14.10 ± 0.18^ns	14.01 ± 1.11^ns	11.53 ± 0.48**	11.18 ± 0.57*	11.01 ± 0.36*
200	21.36 ± 0.54*	20.96 ± 0.29*	19.98 ± 0.28*	20.03 ± 0.55**	19.52 ± 0.19**	19.16 ± 0.33**
300	33.17 ± 0.73*	32.11 ± 0.19*	32.00 ± 0.55*	27.08 ± 0.73*	26.75 ± 0.15*	25.89 ± 0.45*
400	41.62 ± 0.96**	40.29 ± 0.24**	39.88 ± 0.19*	32.69 ± 0.96**	30.67 ± 0.16^ns	29.45 ± 0.67*
500	53.26 ± 3.58**	51.89 ± 1.28**	50.89 ± 0.19*	38.46 ± 1.23**	38.18 ± 0.28^ns	37.49 ± 0.29*
600				44.71 ± 0.10*	43.11 ± 0.11**	42.89 ± 1.19^ns
700				52.24 ± 0.99*	50.78 ± 0.66**	50.19 ± 0.88*
800
900
1000
1100
EC₅₀	485.12 ± 0.67	499.67 ± 0.19	509.00 ± 0.35	677.02 ± 1.26	685.11 ± 0.33	692.11 ± 0.33

Concentration (µg/ml)	Ethyl acetate extract			Aqueous extract
Concentration (µg/ml)	Rainy	Summer	Winter	Rainy	Summer	Winter
Inhibition Percentage (Leaf)
50	1.61 ± 0.62**	1.54 ± 0.29**	1.38 ± 0.39**	3.58 ± 2.35**	3.34 ± 1.13**	3.21 ± 0.61**
100	10.20 ± 0.97*	9.95 ± 0.49**	9.85 ± 0.29**	7.99 ± 1.06*	7.67 ± 0.39^ns	7.65 ± 1.18^ns
200	24.97 ± 0.47**	24.85 ± 0.13**	24.28 ± 1.39*	15.99 ± 0.61*	15.75 ± 1.21**	15.57 ± 1.02**
300	40.30 ± 1.27**	40.10 ± 0.29*	40.10 ± 0.57*	27.59 ± 1.38^ns	26.89 ± 0.49**	26.82 ± 0.29**
400	55.93 ± 1.61**	54.89 ± 0.29**	53.79 ± 0.48**	37.75 ± 0.71**	36.29 ± 0.23**	36.01 ± 0.19*
500				46.04 ± 1.38**	46.00 ± 0.54**	46.19 ± 0.25**
600				50.55 ± 0.63**	49.49 ± 0.53^ns	49.43 ± 0.28^ns
700				58.03 ± 0.34**	57.31 ± 0.28**	57.10 ± 0.29**
EC₅₀	339.12 ± 0.23	348.43 ± 0.25	354.00 ± 0.13	585.23 ± 0.45	597.01 ± 0.32	599.19 ± 1.18
Inhibition Percentage (Stem)
50	8.03 ± 0.50*	8.03 ± 0.44**	7.76 ± 0.77**	1.24 ± 0.19**	1.12 ± 0.77**	1.11 ± 0.22^ns
100	13.64 ± 0.61*	13.13 ± 0.27*	13.10 ± 0.29**	2.31 ± 0.11*	2.21 ± 0.39**	2.19 ± 0.35**
200	20.17 ± 0.13**	20.17 ± 0.22**	19.98 ± 0.57**	6.63 ± 0.23**	6.54 ± 0.32*	6.47 ± 0.23*
300	28.18 ± 0.04**	27.87 ± 0.28**	27.57 ± 0.29**	10.36 ± 0.21**	10.29 ± 0.39**	9.97 ± 0.67^ns
400	35.48 ± 1.21*	34.78 ± 0.29**	32.90 ± 0.27*	14.23 ± 0.11**	14.28 ± 0.76*	14.11 ± 0.22*
500	43.09 ± 0.24*	42.05 ± 0.24*	41.00 ± 0.24**	18.32 ± 0.18**	18.10 ± 0.45**	17.99 ± 0.55**
600	53.54 ± 1.44**	53.02 ± 0.55*	52.19 ± 0.29*	22.08 ± 0.29*	21.89 ± 0.34^ns	21.08 ± 0.39**
700				27.30 ± 0.54*	27.01 ± 0.28*	26.87 ± 0.29**
800				30.45 ± 0.31*	30.18 ± 0.29**	30.19 ± 1.11**
900				34.44 ± 0.37**	34.28 ± 0.38**	33.29 ± 0.29*
1000				38.94 ± 0.40**	38.38 ± 0.29*	36.38 ± 0.39*
1200				47.66 ± 0.62*	47.10 ± 0.39**	46.56 ± 0.24*
1400				54.23 ± 0.87**	54.10 ± 0.29^ns	53.00 ± 0.11**
EC₅₀	648.24 ± 0.38	653.11 ± 0.22	664.11 ± 0.83	1345.45 ± 0.18	1358.09 ± 0.87	1367.99 ± 0.54
Inhibition Percentage ( Root)
50	3.95 ± 0.69*	3.90 ± 0.44*	3.54 ± 0.77**	2.86 ± 0.95**	2.32 ± 0.47*	2.16 ± 0.29**
100	8.82 ± 0.61**	7.78 ± 0.22**	7.23 ± 0.39*	7.97 ± 2.21**	7.28 ± 0.19*	7.17 ± 0.22*
200	15.21 ± 0.80**	15.92 ± 0.44*	15.88 ± 0.55*	13.07 ± 0.72**	12.49 ± 0.49*	12.17 ± 0.33*
300	23.43 ± 0.60*	23.43 ± 0.47**	23.42 ± 0.18*	16.90 ± 0.72	16.59 ± 0.39*	16.24 ± 0.44^ns
400	29.98 ± 0.15*	28.88 ± 0.55**	28.39 ± 1.66*	22.32 ± 0.27**	22.19 ± 0.29**	21.89 ± 0.55*
500	36.52 ± 0.69**	36.22 ± 0.44*	35.67 ± 0.59**	28.06 ± 0.27**	27.49 ± 0.42**	27..11 ± 0.22**
600	46.72 ± 0.94**	45.89 ± 0.44**	45.11 ± 1.89**	32.37 ± 0.73**	32.10 ± 0.29*	31.98 ± 0.22*
700	56.31 ± 1.84*	54.98 ± 1.22**	54.19 ± 1.66*	36.04 ± 0.73**	35.29 ± 0.39^ns	34.79 ± 0.27^ns
800				42.34 ± 0.42*	42.10 ± 0.29**	42.01 ± 0.44**
900				48.32 ± 1.26*	48.01 ± 1.01*	47.01 ± 0.19*
1000				51.99 ± 0.27**	50.77 ± 0.22*	50.56 ± 0.19**
1100				55.65 ± 0.99**	54.49 ± 0.49**	53.89 ± 0.22**
EC₅₀	733.91 ± 1.21	751.44 ± 0.33	757.99 ± 0.89	978.05 ± 0.62	988.11 ± 0.25	991.88 ± 0.65

EC₅₀ value of ascorbic acid is 87.39 ± 0.61; *Significance P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and P > 0.05 non-significant (ns)