Table 4.

Compounds obtained by GC–MS profiling UKM8-ME, their classification, peak area percentage, molecular name (MW), molecular formula and activity.

Classification	Compound name	Peak area %	MW (g/mol)	Molecular formula	Activity	References
Fatty acids	7,10,13-hexadecatrienoic acid	2.81	250.38	C16H26O2	Antimicrobial	(Cifuentes et al., 2006)
	7,10-Hexadecadienoic acid	3.73	252.39	C16H28O2	Antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory	(Gheda and Ismail, 2020)
	8,11-Octadecadienoic acid	0.85	280.4	C18H32O2	Antimicrobial	(Hassan et al., 2016)
	9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid	0.71	278.4	C18H30O2	Antimicrobial	(Plaza et al., 2010)
	9,12-Octadecadienoic acid	13.97	280.4	C18H32O2	Antimicrobial, antioxidant	(Farooqui et al., 2019)
	Cis-13-Octadecenoic acid	1.01	282.5	C18H34O2	Antimicrobial	(Abdelrheem et al., 2020)
	Heptadecanoic acid	1.29	270.5	C17H34O2	Antimicrobial, antifungal	(de Felício et al., 2010)
	Hexadecanoic acid	18.25	256.42	C16H32O2	Anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity	(Flickinger and Huth, 2004)
Alkane	1-bromodocosane	2.47	389.5	C22H45Br	Antimicrobial	(Nand et al., 2011)
	Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane	7.23	175.07	C7H12	Antimicrobial	(Olasehinde et al., 2019)
	Cis-8-methyl-exo-tricyclo[5.2.1.0(2.6)]decane	1.89	150.26	C11H18	Antimicrobial, antioxidant	(Jodallah and saleem Ali-shtayeh, 2013)
	Cyclotetradecane	1.30	196.37	C14H28	Antimicrobial	(Adhoni et al., 2016)
	Docosane	1.52	310.6	C22H46	Antimicrobial	(Karabay-Yavasoglu et al., 2007)
	Heptacosane	1.74	380.7	C27H56	Antimicrobial	(Silva et al., 2020)
	Tetrapentacontane	1.77	759.4	C54H110	Antimicrobial	(Ramasamy, 2014)
	Heptadecane	0.83	240.5	C17H36	Antimicrobial	(Ozdemir et al., 2004)
	Eicosane	1.27	282.5	C20H42	Antimicrobial, antioxidant	(Demirel et al., 2009)
	Tetracosane	0.38	338.7	C24H50	Antimicrobial	(Karabay-Yavasoglu et al., 2007)
	Tetratriacontane	0.63	478.9	C34H70	Antimicrobial	(Karabay-Yavasoglu et al., 2007)
	Tricosane	0.64	324.6	C23H48	Antimicrobial	(Ozdemir et al., 2004)
	Tridecane	1.37	184.36	C13H28	Antimicrobial	(Karabay-Yavasoglu et al., 2007)
	7-Tetradecyne	0.30	194.36	C14H26	Antimicrobial	(Bhaigybati et al., 2020)
Alkene	1-nonadecene	1.50	266.5	C19H38	Antimicrobial	(Hussein et al., 2020)
	Cetene	1.06	224.42	C16H32	Antimicrobial, antioxidant	(Kamat et al., 2020)
	Z-12-Pentacosene	0.76	350.7	C25H50	Antimicrobial, antioxidant	(Lv et al., 2011)
	9-Hexacosene	0.79	364.7	C26H52	Antimicrobial	(Mohamed and Saber, 2019)
Phenol and phytol	Phytol	14.44	296.5	C20H40O	Antimicrobial	(Sawant and Mane, 2018)(Kumar, 2011)
	Phenol	18.50	94.11	C6H5OH	Antimicrobial	(Sawant and Mane, 2018) ,(Bajpai, 2016).