. 2021 Sep 17;29(2):1197–1209. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.046

Table 4.

Antifungal activity of Spirulina extracts expressed as inhibition zones diameters (mm).

Solvents	Conc. (mg/mL)	Candida tropicalis	Candida albicans	Candida glabrata	Aspergillus flavus	Aspergillus fumigatus	Aspergillus niger
Methanol	2.5	15.0 ^cd	17.0 ^cd	16.0^de	18.0 ^cd	19.0 ^cd	17.0 ^cd
	5	16.1^bc	18.0^bc	18.0^bc	19.0^bc	20.0^bc	18.0^bc
	10	17.0^b	19.2^b	18.8^b	20.0^b	21.0^b	19.0^b
Acetone	2.5	11.0 ^g	13.1 ^g	13.0 ^g	14.0 ^g	15.0 ^g	13.0 ^g
	5	12.3 ^fg	14.3 ^fg	14.5 ^fg	15.4 ^fg	16.3 ^fg	14.3 ^fg
	10	13.2^ef	15.6^ef	15.0^ef	16.0^ef	17.0^ef	15.0^ef
Hexane	2.5	13.1^ef	15.2^ef	15.4^ef	16.0^ef	17.0^ef	15.0^ef
	5	14.4^de	16.4^de	16.3^de	17.3^de	18.3^de	16.3^de
	10	15.0 ^cd	17.0 ^cd	17.7 ^cd	18.0 ^cd	19.0 ^cd	17.0 ^cd
Positive control (Diniconazole)	10	20.3^a	22.3^a	23.4^a	25.3^a	28.3^a	23.3^a
SEM		0.381	0.273	0.136	0.564	0.431	0.412
P-values
Solvent		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Concentration		0.001	0.001	<0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Solvent × Concentration		0.996	0.996	0.871	0.996	0.802	0.374
Treatments vs. Positive control		<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001

SEM, standard error of means, means in the same column with different letters are significantly different.