Table 2.

Risk factors associated with TD and PNI status according to the logistical regression model.

Characteristics	TD				PNI
	OR	95% CI	p-value		OR	95% CI	p-value
Age	1.000	0.998–1.002	0.783		0.998	0.993–1.003	0.578
Sex			0.411				0.229
Male	Reference				Reference
Female	0.977	0.924–1.033	0.411		0.968	0.919–1.020	0.229
Race			0.386				< 0.001
White	Reference				Reference
Black	1.023	0.938–1.115	0.606		1.201	1.109–1.300	< 0.001
Other	0.944	0.860–1.037	0.229		0.924	0.844–1.012	0.090
Tumor location			< 0.001				< 0.001
Right hemicolona	Reference				Reference
Transverse colon	1.199	1.078–1.332	0.001		1.010	0.914–1.117	0.841
Left hemicolonb	1.356	1.268–1.451	< 0.001		1.221	1.146–1.301	< 0.001
Rectumc	1.718	1.586–1.860	< 0.001		1.590	1.475–1.714	< 0.001
Tumor size			0.947				< 0.001
< 5.0 cm	Reference				Reference
≥ 5.0 cm	0.998	0.943–1.057	0.947		0.757	0.717–0.800	< 0.001
Differentiation			< 0.001				< 0.001
Grade I	Reference				Reference
Grade II	1.096	0.955–1.258	0.192		1.256	1.100–1.433	0.001
Grade III	1.271	1.096–1.473	0.001		1.944	1.688–2.238	< 0.001
Grade IV	1.478	1.227–1.779	< 0.001		1.890	1.583–2.258	< 0.001
T stage			< 0.001				< 0.001
T1	Reference				Reference
T2	1.723	1.358–2.186	< 0.001		1.943	1.578–2.392	< 0.001
T3	4.351	3.508–5.396	< 0.001		6.020	4.991–7.260	< 0.001
T4	7.740	6.204–9.658	< 0.001		12.921	10.646–15.682	< 0.001
N stage			< 0.001				< 0.001
N0	Reference				Reference
N1	11.650	10.697–12.688	< 0.001		2.274	2.135–2.421	< 0.001
N2	16.764	15.301–18.367	< 0.001		4.047	3.781–4.332	< 0.001
Serum CEA level			< 0.001				< 0.001
Normal	Reference				Reference
Elevated	1.194	1.112–1.282	< 0.001		1.184	1.107–1.267	< 0.001
Unknownd	1.117	1.046–1.193	0.001		1.072	1.009–1.140	0.025

TD, tumor deposit; PNI, perineural invasion; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CEA, carcinoma embryonic antigen.