Table 2. HIF-1α on the progression of liver diseases and key mechanism.
| Diseases | Inhibit or promote disease progression | Key mechanism | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| ALD | Inhibit | Protect intestinal integrity | (77-79) |
| Reduce fatty acid synthesis | (80) | ||
| Promote | Cause lipid accumulation, and increase portal pressure | (81,84,86-89) | |
| Through the Akt/HIF-1α pathway | (83) | ||
| NAFLD | Inhibit | Inhibit excessive accumulation of liver fat | (90,94,95) |
| Promote | Promote liver fibrosis | (96-98) | |
| AILI | Inhibit | Contribute to hemostasis | (105) |
| Reduce inflammatory reaction | (105,106) | ||
| Improve centrilobular necrosis | (107) | ||
| Viral hepatitis | – | Increase autotaxin protein expression | (111) |
| Facilitate HIF-1α-mediated glycolytic adaptation | (112) | ||
| HCC | Promote | Promote migration, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis | (125-127) |
HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha; ALD, alcoholic liver disease; NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; AILI, acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.