CUADRO 2.
Prevalencia (%) ajustada por edad e intervalo de confianza de 95% (IC 95%) de dolor musculoesquelético (DME) en el último mes en la población trabajadora de seis países de América Central en función del sexo, la ocupación y la cobertura de seguridad social. I Encuesta Centroamericana de Condiciones de Trabajo y Salud, 2011 (n = 12 024)
| Costa Rica |
El Salvador |
Guatemala |
Honduras |
Nicaragua |
Panamá |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % |
% |
% |
% |
% |
% |
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| No. | (IC 95%) | No. | (IC 95%) | No. | (IC 95%) | No. | (IC 95%) | No. | (IC 95%) | No. | (IC 95%) | |
| DME cervical-dorsal | ||||||||||||
| Sexo | ||||||||||||
| Masculino | 270 | 17,3 (15,3–19,4) | 602 | 47,2 (44,1–50,0) | 451 | 33,7 (31,0–36,2) | 553 | 34,3 (31,8–42,1) | 569 | 39,5 (36,8–42,1) | 212 | 15,2 (13,2–17,2) |
| Femenino | 199 | 34,1 (33,0–38,0) | 395 | 48,5 (45,0–52,0) | 228 | 33,2 (29,7–36,6) | 237 | 44,9 (40,4–49,4) | 330 | 52,8 (48,8–56,8) | 116 | 18,7 (15,6–21,9) |
| Seguridad social | ||||||||||||
| Sí | 319 | 25,7 (23,1–28,3) | 212 | 47,4 (42,6–52,2) | 58 | 24,2 (18,8–29,6) | 59 | 37,7 (29,9–45,6) | 186 | 43,2 (38,4–48,0) | 167 | 16,1 (13,7–18,5) |
| No | 150 | 21,1 (17,8–24,3) | 785 | 47,7 (45,2–50,1) | 608 | 34,6 (32,7–37,2) | 729 | 38,9 (36,3–41,4) | 713 | 46,8 (44,0–49,5) | 154 | 17,8 (15,2–20,5) |
| Ocupación | ||||||||||||
| No manual | 214 | 24,8 (21,9–27,8) | 436 | 42,0 (38,9–45,1) | 174 | 27,1 (23,6–30,4) | 212 | 34,0 (30,0–37,9) | 313 | 44,9 (41,1–48,7) | 150 | 16,1 (13,7–18,5) |
| Manual | 255 | 23,2 (20,5–26,0) | 561 | 54,0 (50,8–57,1) | 505 | 37,6 (34,9–40,1) | 578 | 43,7 (40,9–46,6) | 586 | 46,8 (43,9–49,8) | 177 | 16,9 (14,5–19,3) |
| Sector económico | ||||||||||||
| Agrícola | 94 | 21,2 (17,1–25,4) | 215 | 55,5 (49,9–60,6) | 340 | 38,9 (35,7–42,2) | 352 | 40.7 (37,3–44,1) | 368 | 45,6 (42,1–49,2) | 56 | 17,9 (13,4–22,2) |
| Industria | 114 | 22,9 19,2–26,7) | 270 | 54,8 (50,2–59,3) | 134 | 37,7 (32,6–42,7) | 174 | 48.1 (42,8–53,3) | 146 | 46,2 (40,1–51,8) | 89 | 19,1 (15,4–22,8) |
| Servicios | 261 | 25,1 (2,3–27,7) | 512 | 42,9 (40,3–45,8) | 205 | 27,2 (24,1–30,3) | 264 | 35,9 (32,2–39,4) | 385 | 45,9 (42,4–49,3) | 183 | 15,5 (13,4–17,7) |
| DME lumbar | ||||||||||||
| Sexo | ||||||||||||
| Masculino | 364 | 23,0 (21,2–26,0) | 385 | 30,0 (27,2–32,2) | 196 | 14,8 (13,0–17,0) | 382 | 23,0 (21,4–26,0) | 399 | 28,0 (25,2–30,1) | 186 | 14,0 (12,0–16,0) |
| Femenino | 144 | 23,1 (19,6–26,5) | 216 | 26,2 (23,7–29,4) | 102 | 14,4 (11,7–17,3) | 141 | 25,1 (21,2–28,9) | 149 | 24,6 (21,1–28,1) | 68 | 10,8 (8,3–13,4) |
| Seguridad social | ||||||||||||
| Sí | 305 | 21,8 (19,4–24,2) | 106 | 24,4 (20,2–28,6) | 32 | 13,3 (8,9–17,6) | 39 | 21,6 (15,1–28,2) | 112 | 23,9 (19,7–28,0) | 113 | 10,3 (7,4–12,2) |
| No | 203 | 26,0 (23,2–29,2) | 495 | 28,5 (26,5–30,5) | 263 | 14,8 (13,2–16,3) | 484 | 24,3 (22,2–26,4) | 436 | 27,0 (24,6–29,5) | 116 | 13,9 (11,5–16,4) |
| Ocupación | ||||||||||||
| No manual | 192 | 20,0 (17,7–23,1) | 232 | 22,3 (19,7–24,9) | 75 | 11,6 (9,1–14,1) | 121 | 18,2 (15,1–21,3) | 158 | 22,6 (19,4–25,9) | 79 | 8,4 (6,5–10,2) |
| Manual | 316 | 27,1 (24,3–29,8) | 369 | 34,6 (31,6–37,5) | 222 | 16,5 (14,5–18,5) | 402 | 30,3 (27,6–33,1) | 390 | 29,8 (27,1–32,5) | 175 | 17,7 (15,2–20,2) |
| Sector económico | ||||||||||||
| Agrícola | 138 | 30,7 (26,2–35,3) | 146 | 35,9 (31,2–40,8) | 146 | 16,4 (13,9–18,9) | 226 | 25,3 (22,3–28,2) | 254 | 31,1 (27,7–34,4) | 50 | 17,3 (12,8–21,7) |
| Industria | 133 | 27,3 (23,2–31,4) | 166 | 32,6 (28,4–36,7) | 53 | 15,1 (11,3–18,8) | 127 | 36,1 (30,7–41,3) | 100 | 29,5 (24,3–34,6) | 74 | 15,7 (12,3–19,1) |
| Servicios | 237 | 20,7 (18,3–23,1) | 289 | 24,1 (21,6–26,7) | 99 | 13,1 (10,7–15,5) | 170 | 21,1 (18,1–24,1) | 194 | 23,1 (20,1–26,1) | 130 | 10,9 (9,1–12,8) |
| DME miembros superiores | ||||||||||||
| Sexo | ||||||||||||
| Masculino | 241 | 15,2 (13,4–17,1) | 599 | 47,3 (44,5–50,2) | 333 | 27,4 (22,4–27,9) | 563 | 34,1 (31,6–36,6) | 594 | 40,9 (38,2–43,5) | 197 | 13,8 (11,9–15,6) |
| Femenino | 157 | 26,1 (22,5–29,7) | 357 | 43,6 (40,1–47,1) | 174 | 25,3 (22,1–28,6) | 218 | 40,4 (35,9–44,8) | 230 | 37,4 (33,5–41,3) | 80 | 13,1 (10,4–15,9) |
| Seguridad social | ||||||||||||
| Sí | 249 | 19,2 (17,0–21,6) | 232 | 52,3 (47,5–57,2) | 52 | 21,3 (16,1–26,4) | 54 | 33,3 (25,7–40,1) | 164 | 36,4 (31,7–41,1) | 139 | 13,4 (11,2–15,6) |
| No | 149 | 20,2 (17,1–23,3) | 724 | 43,9 (414,–46,4) | 442 | 25,2 (23,1–27,2) | 725 | 37,2 (34,7–39,7) | 660 | 40,2 (37,5–42,8) | 133 | 14,9 (12,4–17,3) |
| Ocupación | ||||||||||||
| No manual | 186 | 20,8 (18,1–23,6) | 401 | 38,8 (35,7–41,8) | 124 | 19,4 (16,4–22,5) | 188 | 29,8 (26,1–33,6) | 242 | 33,8 (30,2–37,4) | 115 | 12,3 (10,0–14,4) |
| Manual | 212 | 18,2 (15,8–20,5) | 555 | 53,4 (50,1–56,6) | 383 | 28,3 (25,9–30,7) | 593 | 43,6 (40,8–46,5) | 582 | 44,5 (41,6–47,4) | 161 | 14,5 (12,7–17,2) |
| Sector económico | ||||||||||||
| Agrícola | 77 | 16,5 (12,9–20,1) | 199 | 51,7 (46,3–57,1) | 261 | 29,9 (26,9–33,1) | 377 | 43,6 (40,2–47,1) | 371 | 44,8 (41,2–48,4) | 59 | 18,1 (13,5–22,6) |
| Industria | 105 | 21,2 (17,5–24,8) | 278 | 56,5 (51,9–61,1) | 104 | 29,5 (24,8–34,2) | 177 | 48,6 (43,3–53,9) | 144 | 43,1 (37,5–48,6) | 74 | 15,9 (12,5–19,5) |
| Servicios | 216 | 19,9 (17,5–22,4) | 479 | 40,3 (37,4–43,1) | 142 | 18,9 (16,1–21,7) | 277 | 30,8 (27,3–34,3) | 309 | 35,6 (32,3–38,9) | 144 | 12,1 (10,1–13,9) |
| Total | ||||||||||||
| Sexo | ||||||||||||
| Masculino | 571 | 37,3 (34,7–39,9) | 804 | 63,7 (60,9–66,5) | 677 | 51,2 (48,5–53,9) | 878 | 55,1 (52,5–57,9) | 881 | 61,6 (59,0–64,3) | 447 | 28,3 (25,4–31,3) |
| Femenino | 301 | 5,6 (46,5–54,8) | 511 | 62,6 (59,2–66,1) | 355 | 51,0 (47,9–54,7) | 333 | 63,4 (58,9–67,9) | 418 | 67,6 (63,8–71,4) | 204 | 32,6 (28,9–36,7) |
| Ocupación | ||||||||||||
| No manual | 377 | 42,4 (38,9–45,5) | 574 | 55,5 (52,4–58,6) | 278 | 42,6 (38,9–46,4) | 330 | 51,8 (47,6–55,9) | 436 | 61,9 (58,3–65,7) | 267 | 28,4 (25,4–20,5) |
| Manual | 495 | 43,6 (49,5–46,7) | 741 | 71,7 (68,7–74,6) | 753 | 56,4 (53,8–59,1) | 881 | 65,5 (62,9–68,2) | 863 | 67,1 (64,4–69,9) | 383 | 37,2 (34,2–40,3) |
| Seguridad social | ||||||||||||
| Sí | 556 | 42.9 (39,0–46,8) | 289 | 65,7 (61,2–70,3) | 104 | 43,3 (37,2–49,4) | 94 | 56,8 (48,9–64,7) | 271 | 61,2 (56,5–65,8) | 315 | 29,9 (27,1–32,8) |
| No | 316 | 44,0 (59,8–66,4) | 1 026 | 62,4 (60,0–64,9) | 907 | 52,3 (49,9–54,7) | 1 114 | 58,8 (56,2–61,4) | 1 028 | 65,8 (63,3–68,4) | 303 | 35,1 (31,8–38,4) |
| Sector económico | ||||||||||||
| Agrícola | 198 | 44,4 (39,9–48,9) | 274 | 70,8 (65,7–76,0) | 493 | 56,7 (53,4–60,0) | 548 | 63,1 (59,8–66,5) | 552 | 68,2 (64,8–71,6) | 126 | 41,2 (35,3–47,1) |
| Industria | 217 | 42,1 (39,1–45,1) | 355 | 72,4 (68,2–76,7) | 200 | 56,1 (51,1–61,2) | 250 | 67,3 (62,5–72,1) | 216 | 65,1 (59,9–70,3) | 172 | 36,5 (32,2–40,6) |
| Servicios | 457 | 42,1 (39,1–45,1) | 686 | 57,6 (54,7–60,5) | 339 | 44,4 (41,0–47,9) | 413 | 54,5 (59,8–58,2) | 531 | 62,7 (59,3–66,0) | 353 | 29,6 (27,0–32,2) |