Table 5.
Mediation analyses evaluating the total direct effect and indirect effect (via psychological distress) of cardiovascular parameters on cold pressor pain tolerance and intensity in the overall Tromsø 6 chronic pain population (panel A; n = 877), in men only (panel B; n = 341), in women only (panel C; n = 536), and between men and women (panel D; n = 877).
| A. Overall chronic pain population (n = 877) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular parameter | Cold pressor outcome | With imputing missing data (total n = 877) | |
| Direct effect (95% CI) | Indirect/mediated effect via HSCL-10 (95% CI) | ||
| rMSSD | CPT | 0.016 (−0.063, 0.095) | 0.022* (0.007, 0.042) |
| CPI | −0.0005 (−0.007, 0.006) | −0.001* (−0.003, −0.0004) | |
| SDNN | CPT | 0.020 (−0.057, 0.092) | 0.016* (0.0006, 0.034) |
| CPI | −0.002 (−0.007, 0.004) | −0.001* (−0.002, −0.00003) | |
| BRS | CPT | 0.053 (−0.075, 0.135) | 0.027* (0.007, 0.055) |
| CPI | −0.007 (−0.016, 0.002) | −0.002* (−0.003, −0.0005) | |
| B. Male chronic pain participants only (n = 341) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular parameter | Cold pressor outcome | With imputing missing data (n = 341 men) | |
| Direct effect (95% CI) | Indirect/mediated effect via HSCL-10 (95% CI) | ||
| rMSSD | CPT | 0.071 (−0.043, 0.171) | 0.024* (0.003, 0.053) |
| CPI | −0.004 (−0.014, 0.006) | −0.001 (−0.003, 0.0003) | |
| SDNN | CPT | 0.057 (−0.057, 0.160) | 0.022* (0.002, 0.052) |
| CPI | −0.002 (−0.011, 0.008) | −0.001 (−0.003, 0.0002) | |
| BRS | CPT | 0.125 (0.048, 0.364) | 0.022* (0.002, 0.073) |
| CPI | −0.011 (−0.032, −0.002) | −0.001 (−0.005, 0.0004) | |
| C. Female chronic pain participants only (n = 536) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular parameter | Cold pressor outcome | With imputing missing data (n = 536 women) | |
| Direct effect (95% CI) | Indirect/mediated effect via HSCL-10 (95% CI) | ||
| rMSSD | CPT | −0.014 (−0.123, 0.090) | 0.015 (−0.006, 0.045) |
| CPI | 0.001 (−0.007, 0.008) | −0.001 (−0.003, 0.0004) | |
| SDNN | CPT | −0.002 (−0.101, 0.090) | 0.006 (−0.019, 0.031) |
| CPI | −0.002 (−0.009, 0.005) | −0.0004 (−0.002, 0.001) | |
| BRS | CPT | −0.002 (−0.276, 0.138) | 0.024 (−0.022, 0.076) |
| CPI | −0.004 (−0.019, 0.013) | −0.002 (−0.004, 0.002) | |
| D. Moderated mediation analysis for chronic pain participants (n = 877) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular parameter | Cold pressor outcome | With imputing missing data (n = 877) | |
| Difference in mediated effects between males and females | Percentile method: bootstrapped 95% CI for the difference | ||
| rMSSD | CPT | 0.0093 | (−0.0252, 0.0434) |
| CPI | −0.00028 | (−0.0026, 0.0020) | |
| SDNN | CPT | 0.0162 | (−0.0155, 0.0510) |
| CPI | −0.00079 | (−0.0031, 0.0013) | |
| BRS | CPT | −0.00224 | (−0.0512, 0.0668) |
| CPI | 0.00036 | (−0.0043, 0.0037) | |
BRS, baroreflex sensitivity; rMSSD, root mean square of the successive differences of the R-R intervals; SDNN, standard deviation of R-R intervals.
*
P < 0.05.