Table 2.
Obstructive sleep apnea, polysomnography and positive airway pressure characteristics
| Author (year) | Metric of Use | OSA (AHI or oAHI [o]) Criteria events/h | AHI or oAHI (o) (events/h) Mean (SD) Median (IQR or range) | Mask Type | PAP Type* | PAP Naïve Only Y/N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Adeleye A et al 2016 (15) | PR O C |
> 1.5 | 33.2 (36.6) 22.5 (11.3, 37.0) |
NR | U | NR |
| Alebraheem Z et al 2018 (32) | O | ≥ 1.5 | 14.1 (13.6)
(o)† 9.2 (5.9, 17.8) (o)† |
NR | U | N |
| Amaddeo A et al 2015 (33) | O | > 10 | NR | NR | CPAP (n=20) | N |
| Amaddeo A et al 2018 (38) | O | > 5 (o) | 12.5 (range, 5–100) (o) | Nasal FF Prongs |
CPAP (n=15) APAP (n=12) |
Y |
| Avis K et al 2019 (53) | O | ≥ 1.5 | 10.7 (15) | NR | CPAP (n=20) | Y |
| Beebe DW & Byars KC 2011 (54) | PR | > 1 (o) | 10.0 (6.8) (o) (Ad) 9.3 (5.7) (o) (Non-Ad) |
NR | U | NR |
| Bergeron M et al 2019 (39) | O | ≥ 1 | 9.8 (1.4–76.2) 10 (0.9–76.2) (o) |
NR | CPAP (n=19) | Y/N |
| Caldarelli V et al 2013 (36) | O | NR | NR | Nasal FF |
BPAP (n=14) PS-VP (n=1) |
N |
| DiFeo N et al 2012 (22) | O | NR | 19 (16) | NR | CPAP (n=13) BPAP (n=43) |
Y |
| Dudoignon B et al 2017 (35) | O | > 1 | 14 (16) 8 (11) (o) |
Nasal Nasobuccal | CPAP (n=15)§ NIV (n=4)§ |
N |
| Girbal IC et al 2014 (55) | PR | ≥ 1 | 9.7 (5.8,18.8) | Nasal Prongs |
CPAP (n=52) BPAP (n=16) |
N |
| Harford KL et al 2013 (47) | O | NR | 23.6 (22.1) (New Pt) 29 (23.7) (Prior Pt) |
NR | U | Y/N |
| Hawkins SM et al 2016 (40) | O | ≥ 1 | 20.3 (26.8) (Ad) 16.5 (21.2) (Non-Ad) |
NR | CPAP‡ BPAP‡ |
NR |
| Jambhekar SK et al 2013 (16) | O | NR | 26.7 (30) 16.1 (8.4–35.5) |
NR | U | N |
| Kang EK et al 2019 (12) | O | NR | 15.8 (9.8, 30.5) 14.7 (9.5, 29) (o) |
NR | CPAP‡ BPAP‡ APAP‡ |
Y |
| Katz SL et al 2017 (26) | MDR O |
> 1 (o) | 15.5 (7.4, 25.2) 16.8 (7.1, 23.9) (o) |
NR | CPAP (n=14)§ BPAP (n=13)§ |
Y |
| Konstantinopoulou S et al 2016 (41) | O | ≥ 1.5 | 13.9 (6.8, 21.5) (o) | NR | CPAP (n=11) | Y |
| Koontz KL et al 2003 (48) | O | NR | NR | NR | BPAP (n=20) | NR |
| Kushida CA et al 2014 (34) | O | NR | 17.3 (17) | Nasal FF Pillows |
CPAP (n=8) BPAP (n=6) | N |
| Lynch MK et al 2017 (13) | O | > 1.5 | 13.2 (19.6) (Ad) 10.5 (7.6) (Non-Ad) |
NR | CPAP (n=25) | Y |
| Machaalani R et al 2016 (14) | O | NR | 24.9 (22.8) (CPAP) 21.2 (21.5) (BPAP) 19 (18.4) (o) (CPAP) 9 (8.7) (o) (BPAP) |
Nasal FF Pillows |
CPAP (n=55) BPAP (n=44) |
Y |
| Marcus CL et al 1995 (25) | O PR |
NR | NR | Nasal | CPAP (n=70) | N |
| Marcus CL et al 2006 (29) | O | ≥ 5 | 27 (32) (o) | NR | CPAP (n=13) BPAP (n=16)†† | Y |
| Marcus CL et al 2012 (21) | O | NR | 22 (21) (CPAP) 18 (15) (BPAP) |
NR | CPAP (n=13) BPAP (n=43) | Y |
| Massa F et al 2002 (56) | PR | ≥ 5 | NR | Nasal | CPAP (n=42) | N |
| McNamara F & Sullivan CE 1999 (27) | NR | > 5 | 44.4 (9.3) (NREM) 68.6 (8.9) (REM) 14.6 (3.9) (o) (NREM) 43.6 (8.3) (o) (REM) |
Nasal | CPAP (n=24) | N |
| Mendoza-Ruiz et al 2019 (43) | O | > 5 | 25 (16) (Ad) 20 (15) (Non-Ad) |
NR | CPAP (n=15) | Y |
| Mihai R et al 2017 (44) | O | > 1 | 16.6 (11, 35) (o) | Nasal FF |
APAP (n=26) | Y |
| Nakra N et al 2008 (57) | O | ≥ 1.5/h | 8.7 (9.6) | NR | CPAP (n=25) | Y |
| Nathan AM et al 2013 (58) | C | ≥ 1 | 26.7 (12, 79.9) (o) | NR | CPAP (n=47) BPAP (n=4) |
N |
| Nixon GM et al 2011 (59) | O | NR | 22.6 (16) (o) (consistent users) 22.9 (22.6) (o) (intermittent) |
NR | CPAP (n=30) | Y |
| O’Donnell AR et al 2006 (18) | O | > 1 | 11.3 (5.4, 25.9) | Nasal FF |
CPAP (n=50) | Y |
| Prashad PS et al 2013 (42) | O | NR | 14 (4–78.3)# | NR | CPAP (n=21) | N |
| Perriol MP et al 2019 (23) | O | NR | 12.2 (10.6) | NR | CPAP (n=78) | Y |
| Puri P et al 2016 (24) | O | ≥ 1 | 25.2 (28.7) (o) 12.8 (7.9, 24) (o) |
NR | U | Y |
| Ramirez A et al 2013 (45) | O | NR | NR | Nasal FF Cannula |
CPAP or BPAP (n=51) | N |
| Riley EB et al 2017 (46) | O | NR | NR | NR | CPAP (n=275) | Y |
| Roberts SD et al 2016 (60) | O | ≥ 1 | 17.6 (19.8) (Ad) 12.0 (19.1) (Non-Ad) |
NR | CPAP (n=100) | NR |
| Simon SL et al 2012 (19) | O | NR | 17.7 (21.7) | Nasal FF |
CPAP (n=23) BPAP (n=4) APAP (n=24) |
N |
| Sundaram SS et al 2018 (30) | O | > 2 | NR | Nasal | CPAP (n=9) | Y |
| Trucco F et al 2018 (28) | O | > 1 | 11.1 (4.4,
24.9)¶ 2.7 (0.5, 18.8) (o)¶ |
NR | CPAP (n=18) BPAP (n=7) |
Y |
| Uong EC et al 2007 (31) | O PR |
≥ 5 | 28.4 (31.8) | NR | CPAP (n=20) BPAP (n=7) |
Y |
| Waters KA et al 1995 (61) | NR | NR | NR | Nasal Prongs | CPAP (n=73) | Y |
| Widger JA et al 2014 (37) | O | NR | NR | NR | CPAP (n=22) BPAP (n=5) | N |
| Xanthopoulos MS et al 2017 (20) | O | NR | 13.8 (7.1, 29.7) | NR | CPAP (n=141) | NR |
| Yuan HC et al 2012 (62) | PR | ≥ 5 | 19.5 (15.8) | NR | U | N |
Notes.
= n provided for those with adherence data;
= review authors calculated mean and median based on provided values per individual participant;
= n not provided;
= adherence data only available for a subsample but not specified how many per group;
= not exclusively OSA;
= AHI reported per participant in study, authors of this review calculated median and range
= n’s reflects full sample (n=29), not just those with adherence data (n=18).
Adherent (Ad), apnea hypopnea index (AHI), Automatic Positive Airway Pressure (APAP), bilevel positive airway pressure (BPAP), chart (C), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), full-face (FF), Medical Doctor report (MDR), non-adherent (Non-Ad), non-invasive ventilation (NIV), not reported (NR), objective (O), obstructive apnea hypopnea index (oAHI; o), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), positive airway pressure (PAP), parent report (PR), pressure-support volume targeted ventilation (PS-VP), patient (Pt), unspecified/undetermined- article states “PAP” (U).