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. 2022 Feb 3;8:775194. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.775194

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Copyright © 2022 Xiao, Yang, Wang, Zhao, Deng, Ji, Zou, Qian, Liu, Xiao and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Landscape of CD44+ cells in GBM. (A) All GBM cell types are projected on UMAP reduction. GBM is composed of malignant tumor cells, oligodendrocytes, TAMs, T cells, endothelial cells, and pericytes. (B) Expression level of CD44 among different GBM cell types. Only malignant cells, TAMs and T cells express CD44 in GBM. (C) Expression of CD44 in TAMs is projected on UMAP reduction. (D) Top 20 biological processes of DEGs in CD44+ TAMs compared to CD44- TAMs. (E) CD44+ TAMs express M2-type TAM markers CD163 and CD206. (F) UMAP reduction of all six GBM tumor cellular state cells and stem-like cells. (G) Expression level of CD44 among the six GBM tumor cellular state cells and stem-like cells. Only MES1-like tumor cells express CD44 among different cellular states. (H) Expression of CD44 in tumor cells is projected on UMAP reduction. (I) Top 20 biological processes of DEGs in CD44+ tumor cells compared to CD44- tumor cells. (J) CD44-correlated genes in CD44+ malignant cells. Genes labeled in red are immunosuppressive genes, whose expression level positively correlates with CD44; blue colored genes are immune stimulator genes and their expression negatively relates to CD44. (K) Top 20 biological processes of CD44 positive-related genes in CD44+ malignant cells.