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. 2022 Apr 1;307:114484. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114484

Table 2.

Average (and 95% confidence intervals) of pH, bulk density corrected by gravel and root content, moisture content, root content, and gravel content volume of the soils collected in this study. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences (P <0.05). pH values were obtained only for 0–10, 10–20, and 30–40 cm depth intervals.

Treatment Depth (cm) pH Sig BD (g cm3)* Sig Moisture (g g−1)* Sig Roots (g) Sig. Gravel (g) Sig SOCcon (g kg−1) Sig
Field 0–50 5.9
(5.8–6.1)
a a 1.40
(1.38–1.42)
a a 0.25
(0.24–0.26)
ns ns 0.07
(0.04–0.1)
ns b 9.3
(2.3–16.2)
ns ns 19.59
(18.51–20.67)
b b
Hedgerow
all ages 5.2
(4.8–5.5)
b 1.19
(1.17–1.22)
b 0.25
(0.24–0.27)
ns 0.66
(0.44–0.89)
ns 10.3
(1.7–18.9)
ns 29.97
(27.82–32.11)
a
2–4 years 5.1
(4.3–5.9)
b 1.33
(1.29–1.37)
ab 0.22
(0.18–0.25)
ns 0.29
(0.05–0.53)
ab 13.5(-20.2–47.1) ns 22.22
(19.66–24.78)
ab
10 years 5.2
(4.7–5.7)
b 1.18
(1.13–1.24)
bc 0.21
(0.18–0.23)
ns 0.22
(0.03–0.4)
ab 4.2
(-6.6–14.9)
ns 25.59
(22.57–28.61)
ab
37 years 5.8
(5.1–6.5)
a 1.22
(1.19–1.24)
b 0.30
(0.27–0.32)
ns 0.91
(0.3–1.51)
ab 4.7
(-2.6–12.0)
ns 30.03
(28.14–31.92)
a
Old

4.8
(4–5.5)

b
1.06
(1.00–1.13)

c
0.27
(0.24–0.29)

ns
1.04
(0.63–1.46)

a
19.7
(-9.9–49.3)

ns
40.71
(34.6–46.83)

a
Field 0–30 5.8
(5.7–6)
a a 1.30
(1.26–1.33)
a a 0.27
(0.25–0.29)
ns ns 0.07
(0.03–0.11)
ns ns 5.3
(0.2–10.3)
ns ns 26.23
(24.61–27.84)
b b
Hedgerow
all ages 5.1
(4.8–5.4)
b 1.08
(1.04–1.12)
b 0.26
(0.24–0.28)
ns 0.34
(0.17–0.52)
ns 5.7
(0.4–11.0)
ns 37.76
(34.23–41.29)
a
2–4 years 5.2
(4.4–5.9)
b 1.23
(1.15–1.3)
ab 0.23
(0.18–0.29)
ns 0.29
(-0.04–0.62)
ns 9.0
(-13.8–31.8)
ns 29.78
(24.45–35.12)
ab
10 years 5.1
(4.6–5.6)
b 1.04
(0.95–1.14)
bc 0.19
(0.16–0.22)
ns 0.15
(-0.02–0.33)
ns 3.5
(-5.5–12.6)
ns 32.63
(27.09–38.16)
ab
37 years 5.6
(4.9–6.4)
a 1.16
(1.12–1.19)
ab 0.32
(0.29–0.35)
ns 0.42
(-0.06–0.9)
ns 1.5
(-0.8–3.9)
ns 37.68
(34.21–41.14)
a
Old 4.8
(4–5.5)
b 0.92
(0.83–1.00)
c 0.27
(0.23–0.31)
ns 0.46
(0.19–0.74)
ns 10.0
(-7.6–27.5)
ns 47.95
(37.62–58.27)
a