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. 2022 Feb 16;8:68. doi: 10.1038/s41420-022-00865-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — A Cluster heatmap for 21 deregulated circRNAs in two paired ccRCC and pericarcinomatous tissues (filtered by P < 0.05 and |FC (fold change)| ≥ 2). Columns represent tissues while rows for differentially expressed circRNAs, with circAFAP1 identified on the right of its rows. B qRT-PCR was analyzed for the expression of circAFAP1 in normal renal tubular epithelial cells line HK-2 and ccRCC cell lines 786-O, 786-P, Caki-1, and A498. Data were shown as the means ± SD. ***represents p < 0.001. C qRT-PCR was analyzed for expression of circAFAP1 and linear mRNA-AFAP1 in 786-O and A498 cells treated with or without RNase. Data were shown as the means ± SD. ***represents p < 0.001. D qRT-PCR detected the residual level of circAFAP1 and linear mRNA-AFAP1 in 786-O cells treated with Actinomycin D at the specific time point. Data were shown as the means ± SD. ***represents p < 0.001. E Tissue microarray data in 82 paired ccRCC and pericarcinomatous tissues stained by immunohistochemistry revealed circAFAP1 is upregulated in ccRCC tissue (Right panel) compared to pericarcinomatous tissues (Left panel). F Survival curves of 82 ccRCC patients with high or low expression, according to the immunohistochemical staining level and using the median value as the grouping criterion. The follow-up time spans 150 months after surgery.