The haematoma as a therapeutic target in ICH. The haematoma can cause brain injury via mass effect and the release of potentially toxic, plasma- or erythrocyte-derived factors. Surgical haematoma evacuation and accelerating endogenous haematoma clearance via phagocytosis are potential approaches, as is delaying erythrocyte lysis and inhibiting deleterious effects of clot-derived factors. RBC, red blood cell; MAC, membrane attack complex; Hb, haemoglobin; CA1, carbonic anhydrase 1; Prx2, peroxiredoxin-2; SIRPα, signal regulatory protein alpha.