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. 2022 Feb 3;9:770588. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.770588

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Copyright © 2022 Gharib, Saeidiharzand, Sadaghiani and Koşar.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Two-step anti-icing/superhydrophobic/ice-phobic coating method; (B) The water contact angles and Ice adhesion strength of uncoated and superhydrophobic coated concrete (Gurumukhi et al., 2020); (C) Residual rates of ice in the freezing-rain environment for traditional and superhydrophobic coated concrete (Dalili et al., 2009); (D) Ice layer pull out and rupture tests on deicing asphalt (i) and observation during snowing weather on normal asphalt pavement and deicing asphalt pavements (ii) (Kimura et al., 2003).