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. 2022 Feb 17;20:81. doi: 10.1186/s12951-022-01302-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — PEI-SWNT responding genes are involved in stress responses, immune system, and programmed cell death. A Gene expression heatmap of genes with statistically significant twofold expression change in at least one of the three treatments, compared to non-infiltrated samples. Clusters 1 and 2 show PEI-SWNT specific up- and down-regulated genes. B, C Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of Cluster 1 and 2 genes using Biological Process Gene Ontology categories (B), and Arapath and PlantGSEA databases (C). Up- or down-regulation genes in the original experiment were used as independent gene sets to calculate their normalized enriched score. Details corresponding to each experiment can be found in Additional file 4: Table S4C