Table 6.

List of factors, cumulative variance, comprising questions and the sum of squared loadings

Factor name (cumulative variance explained by each factor)	Comprising questions	Sum of squared loadings
Respecting patients’ wishes (13.9%)	Patients’ interests should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.8173
	Patients’ autonomy should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.6914
	AD should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.6039
	Good medical practice should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.5534
	Legal regulations should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.5242
	Families’ wishes should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.4182
	How often are you acquainted with patients’ and families’ wishes?	0.1061
Respecting religious and cultural principles (22.4%)	Religious and cultural principles expressed by the patient or family should be respected	1.0298
	Religious principles should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.4488
	Do you think AD are helpful in the decision-making process?	0.3148
	Religious and cultural principles expressed by the physician should be respected	0.2408
Paramedical aspects of decision-making (30.5%)	Need for beds in the ICU should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.7197
	Treatment costs should be respected in LST limitation decision-making	0.6231
	Is health care resource allocation important in decision-making?	0.5253
Decision-making process including nurses (36%)	LST limitation decision-making process includes ICU physicians and nurses	0.6929
Common withdrawal of therapies (12.4%)	Are decisions to withdraw antibiotics made in your ICU?	0.7639
	Are decisions to withdraw inotropes made in your ICU?	0.7477
	Are decisions to withhold LST made in your ICU?	0.7069
	Are DNACPR decisions made in your ICU?	0.6075
Uncommon withdrawal of therapies (21.3%)	Are decisions to withdraw endotracheal tube made in your ICU?	0.876
	Are decisions to withdraw mechanical ventilation made in your ICU?	0.6829
	Are decisions to withdraw hydration made in your ICU?	0.4667
	Do you agree that hydration should be withdrawn in end-of-life patients?	0.0654
Disagreement in decision-making (28.7%)	How often is agreement between physicians not achieved?	0.7366
	How often is agreement between physicians and family/legal guardians not achieved?	0.6122
	Have you ever disagreed with the method of LST limitation?	0.5269
	Have you ever refused to be a part of decision-making discussion or implementation?	0.1134
	Do you think there is a difference between withholding and withdrawing LST from an ethical standpoint?	0.0628
Liberal attitudes towards LST limitation (35%)	Do you think that withholding and withdrawing LST in end-of-life patients is ethically acceptable?	0.694
	Do you think DNACPR decisions in end-of-life patients are ethically acceptable?	0.5893
	Do you respect DNACPR decisions?	0.2799
	Do you think LST limitation is the same from an ethical standpoint in the adult patients who are brain dead, terminally ill or in a vegetative state?	0.1232

ICU intensive care unit; LST life-sustaining treatment; DNACPR do-not-attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation