Table 4.

Diabetes incidence rates associated with lifestyle goal achievement and interactions with diabetes genetic risk.

		Genetic Risk Tertiles
	All Participants	Low	Intermediate	High	Heterogeneity P-value†
Weight loss
Incidence Rate (95% CI) ‡
Not Achieved	5.9 (4.7, 7.5)	3.9 (2.5, 6.1)	5.4 (3.7, 7.8)	8.2 (5.9, 11.4)
Achieved	1.3 (0.8, 2.0)	0.8 (0.3, 1.9)	0.6 (0.2, 1.9)	2.1 (1.3, 3.7)
Risk Difference ‡	−4.7 (−3.2, −6.1)	−3.1 (−1.2, −5.0)	−4.7 (−2.6, −6.8)	−6.0 (−3.2, −8.9)	<0.001
Rate Ratio	0.22 (0.14, 0.34)	0.20 (0.07, 0.56)	0.12 (0.05, 0.38)	0.26 (0.48, 0.14)	0.18
Physical Activity
Incidence Rate (95% CI) ‡
Not Achieved	5.3 (3.8, 7.5)	3.2 (1.7, 6.1)	6.0 (3.5, 10.1)	7.0 (4.3, 11.3)
Achieved	2.9 (2.2, 3.7)	1.8 (1.1, 3.0)	2.3 (1.5, 3.7)	4.2 (2.9, 5.9)
Risk Difference ‡	−2.5 (−0.6, −4.3)	−1.4 (0.8, −3.6)	−3.6 (−0.3, −7.0)	−2.8 (0.8, −6.4)	0.02
Rate Ratio	0.56 (0.36, 0.83)	0.56 (0.25. 1.25)	0.4 (0.19, 0.83)	0.59 (0.33, 1.11)	0.62
Diet
Incidence Rate (95% CI) ‡
Not Achieved	3.9 (3.0, 5.1)	3.2 (2.0,5.1)	2.9 (1.8,4.9)	5.1 (3.6,7.4)
Achieved	2.9 (2.1, 3.9)	1.4 (0.7,3.0)	2.8 (1.6, 4.6)	4.2 (2.7,6.5)
Risk Difference ‡	−1.1 (0.2, −2.3)	−1.7 (−0.0, −3.5)	−0.2 (1.9, −2.2)	−0.9 (1.6, −3.4)	0.07
Rate Ratio	0.71 (0.50, 1.11)	0.45 (0.20, 1.11)	0.91 (0.45, 2.0)	0.83 (0.48, 1.43)	<0.001
All three goals
Incidence Rate (95% CI) ‡
Not Achieved	4.0 (3.2, 5.0)	2.6 (1.7, 4.1)	3.6 (2.5, 5.1)	5.6 (4.1, 7.7)
Achieved	1.1 (0.5, 2.2)	0.8 (0.2, 3.5)	0.5 (0.1, 3.4)	1.7 (0.7, 4.1)
Risk Difference ‡	−2.9 (−1.8, −4.1)	−1.8 (−0.3, −3.4)	−3.1 (−1.5, −4.7)	−3.9 (−1.6, −6.2)	<0.001
Rate Ratio	0.27 (0.13, 0.56)	0.30 (0.07, 1.43)	0.13 (0.05, 1.0)	0.31 (0.13, 0.77)	0.92

^†Test for heterogeneity reflects: test for directional trend across genetic risk tertiles for risk difference models; and lifestyle*genetic risk interaction term for rate ratio models

^‡events/100 person-years