Table 2.
HCV reinfection rates and risk factors for reinfection.
| Reinfections (col %)∗ | PY | Reinfection rate per 100 PY (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | aHR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 361 | 9,196 | 3.9 (3.5–4.4) | ||
| Time of treatment initiation | |||||
| 2000-2009 | 48 (13.3) | 3,127 | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 2010-2014 | 144 (39.9) | 3,424 | 4.2 (3.5–5.0) | 2.22 (1.59–3.09) | 1.64 (1.15–2.34) |
| 2015-2016 | 95 (26.3) | 1,803 | 5.3 (4.3–6.5) | 2.57 (1.80–3.69) | 2.11 (1.42–3.12) |
| 2017-2018 | 74 (20.5) | 843 | 8.8 (6.9–11.1) | 4.47 (3.06–6.54) | 3.36 (2.20–5.13) |
| NHS board of treatment | |||||
| Greater Glasgow and Clyde | 204 (56.5) | 5,940 | 3.4 (3.0–4.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Grampian/Lothian | 54 (15.0) | 2,095 | 2.6 (2.0–3.4) | 0.74 (0.55–1.00) | 0.77 (0.57–1.04) |
| Tayside | 103 (28.5) | 1,161 | 8.9 (7.2–10.9) | 2.46 (1.94–3.12) | 1.69 (1.28–2.23) |
| Treatment setting | |||||
| Hospital∗∗ | 197 (54.6) | 7,695 | 2.6 (2.2–3.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Community | 101 (28.0) | 1,061 | 9.5 (7.8–11.7) | 3.13 (2.44–4.02) | 1.81 (1.35–2.43) |
| Prison | 63 (17.5) | 440 | 14.3 (11.1–18.5) | 4.79 (3.60–6.38) | 3.20 (2.28–4.47) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 72 (19.9) | 1,934 | 3.7 (2.9–4.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Male | 289 (80.1) | 7,262 | 4.0 (3.5–4.5) | 1.06 (0.82–1.37) | 1.01 (0.77–1.32) |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 50+ | 38 (10.5) | 1,230 | 3.1 (2.2–4.3) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 35-49 | 203 (56.2) | 5,398 | 3.8 (3.3–4.3) | 1.38 (0.97–1.96) | 1.24 (0.86–1.78) |
| <35 | 120 (33.2) | 2,569 | 4.7 (3.9–5.6) | 1.91 (1.32–2.77) | 1.53 (1.01–2.32) |
| Cirrhosis at time of treatment | |||||
| No | 301 (83.4) | 7,367 | 4.1 (3.6–4.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 60 (16.6) | 1,830 | 3.3 (2.5–4.3) | 0.72 (0.55–0.95) | 0.87 (0.64–1.18) |
| Opioid/injection hospital admission | |||||
| >3 years pre-treatment/never pre-treatment | 248 (68.7) | 7,337 | 3.4 (3.0–3.9) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| During treatment/in the 3 years pre-treatment | 113 (31.3) | 1,859 | 6.1 (5.0–7.4) | 1.69 (1.35–2.11) | 1.37 (1.09–1.73) |
Unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for HCV reinfection were estimated from Cox proportional hazards models.
aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; HR, hazard ratio; NHS, National Health Service; PY, person-years; SVR, sustained virological response.
∗
346/361 reinfections had 2 consecutive positive HCV RNA/Ag tests; 93/184 patients with HCV genotype data before and after treatment had evidence of genotype change; 10/94 that achieved SVR twice were reinfected twice.
∗∗
Includes 46 reinfections and 2,766 person-years where treatment setting was other/not known.