. 2022 Feb 16;46(6):1160–1167. doi: 10.1038/s41366-022-01092-5

Table 2.

Mixed model repeated measures analyses for the trends in BMI-SDS from 2017 to 2020.

Comparison parameter	BMI-SDS 2017	BMI-SDS 2018	BMI-SDS 2019	BMI-SDS 2020	P time	P group	P time X group
All	0.075^a (0.007)	0.095^b (0.008)	0.097^b (0.008)	0.138^c (0.007)	<0.001
Sex
Males	0.003^a (0.011)	0.024^a (0.013)	0.019^a (0.012)	0.068^b (0.010)	<0.001	<0.001	0.618
Females	0.143^a (0.010)	0.162^ab (0.011)	0.171^b (0.010)	0.204^c (0.009)
Age category
2–6 years	−0.214^a (0.016)	−0.165^b (0.017)	−0.141^b (0.015)	−0.029^c (0.013)	0.113	<0.001	<0.001
6.1–18 years	0.158^a (0.009)	0.190^b (0.010)	0.212^c (0.009)	0.213^c (0.008)
18.1–20 years	0.287^a (0.025)	0.259^a (0.026)	0.175^b (0.028)	0.101^c (0.024)
Ethnicity
Jewish	0.040^a (0.008)	0.061^b (0.009)	0.066^b (0.008)	0.105^c (0.007)	<0.001	<0.001	0.192
Arab	0.445^a (0.024)	0.500^b (0.027)	0.448^a (0.025)	0.518^b (0.022)
SEP category
High and very high	−0.028^a (0.010)	−0.001^b (0.011)	0.015^b (0.011)	0.049^c (0.009)	<0.001	<0.001	0.156
Medium	0.153^a (0.014)	0.177^a (0.016)	0.169^a (0.015)	0.215^b (0.013)
Low and very low	0.210^a (0.018)	0.214^a (0.020)	0.200^a (0.019)	0.253^b (0.016)
BMI category pre-pandemic 2017–2019
Underweight	−2.333^a (0.016)	−2.298^a (0.023)	−2.351^a (0.022)	−1.656^b (0.020)	<0.001	<0.001	<0.001
Normal weight	−0.163^a (0.006)	−0.148^ab (0.008)	−0.135^b (0.007)	−0.099^c (0.006)
Overweight	1.321^a (0.004)	1.333^a (0.007)	1.321^a (0.007)	1.168^b (0.009)
Obesity	2.063^a (0.008)	2.083^ab (0.011)	2.090^b (0.010)	1.877^c (0.010)

Mixed models repeated measures analysis. Values are presented as estimated means and standard errors. Variables with different superscripts (a,b,c) significantly differ from each other at p < 0.05, at post hoc least significant difference pairwise comparisons.

SEP socioeconomic position.