Table 1.
Application of CRISPR systems in disease diagnostics and therapeutics
| Name | Enzyme | Preamplification | Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| NASBACC | Cas9 | NASBA | Insight amongst African and American ZIKV |
| CRISPR–Chip | Cas9 | – | gDNA identification in cells in vitro and DMD individuals |
| CRISDA | Cas9 nickase | SDA | gDNA Identification; SNPs related with breast cancer in cell cultures |
| FLASH | Cas9 | PCR | Antibiotic resistant genes in clinical specimens; gDNA identification |
| CAS-EXPAR | Cas9 | EXPAR | Methylated DNA detection in L. monocytogenes mRNA |
| Cas9nAR | Cas9 nickase | Strand-displacing DNA polymerase | Bacterial detection (S. typhimurium, E. coli, M. smegmatis, S. erythraea); KRAS SNP detection in cell lines |
| DETECTR | Cas12a | RPA | HPV16 and HPV18 identification in clinical specimens |
| Cas14-DETECTR | Cas14 (Cas12f) | PCR | HERC2 SNPs in clinical isolates identified |
| HOLMES | Cas12a | PCR | Screening of viral infections (PRV, JEV); virus-strain differentiation in cell cultures and clinical specimens; SNP classification |
| CRISPR-materials | Cas12a | RPA | EBOV synthetic RNA detection |
| CDetection | Cas12b | RPA | HPV16 screening, Human Blood groups genotyping (ABO), and BRCA1 and TP53 SNPs |
| HOLMESv2 | Cas12b | LAMP | SNP distinction in cell cultures; identification of RNA viruses (JEV); screening of human mRNA and circular RNA; Methylation |
| E-CRISPR | Cas12a | – | Virus (HPV16, PB19) and polypeptide (TGF-ß1) identification |
| – | Cas13 | – | Human mRNA and bacteriophage λ-RNA detection |
| SHERLOCK | Cas13 | NASBA or RPA | Viral (DENV, ZIKV) and bacterium (E. coli, K. pneumoniae, M. tuberculosis, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus) detection; viral strain differentiation; SNP identification |
| SHERLOCKv2 | Cas13 | RPA | Virus (DENV, ZIKV) and bacterium (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus) detection; viral strain differentiation; SNP identification |