Table 4.

Comparison of ATMs in terms of MSE, POCID, and Fitness metrics

Iteration	Time interval	ATM	Best method	MSE	POCID	Fitness
Approximate iteration	Before COVID-19	ATM 1	RF	0.0101	75.86	68.87
		ATM 2	KNN_DS	0.0044	86.20	82.57
		ATM 3	KNN_DS	0.0046	79.31	75.82
		ATM (mean)	SVM	0.0105	75.86	68.62
	During COVID-19	ATM 1	SARIMA	0.0158	64.28	55.53
		ATM 2	KNN	0.0169	85.71	73.31
		ATM 3	SES	0.0158	75.00	64.77
		ATM (mean)	SARIMA	0.0576	78.57	49.84
Updated iteration	Before COVID-19	ATM 1	RF	0.0101	75.86	68.87
		ATM 2	RF	0.0065	82.75	77.68
		ATM 3	MLP_DS	0.0098	79.31	72.21
		ATM (mean)	SVM	0.0105	75.86	68.62
	During COVID-19	ATM 1	ARIMA	0.0098	78.57	71.57
		ATM 2	KNN	0.0042	78.57	75.38
		ATM 3	ARIMA	0.0055	64.28	60.92
		ATM (mean)	SARIMA	0.0105	67.85	61.39

Details of performance measures for each model are reported in Tables S5–S14