Table 1.
Demographic and Hospital Factors, Stratified by Morbid Obesity, Obesity, and Control Groups
| Factor | Not Obese (n = 465,968) | Obese (n = 70,953) | Morbidly Obese (n = 68,682) | P |
| Age of patient (yr) | ||||
| Mean (standard error) | 66.56 (0.06) | 64.28 (0.09) | 62.17 (0.09) | <0.0001 |
| Elective admission | ||||
| Nonelective | 80,947 (17.37%) | 11,773 (16.59%) | 14,791 (21.54%) | <0.0001 |
| Elective | 383,949 (82.40%) | 59,003 (83.16%) | 53,756 (78.27%) | |
| Unknown | 1,072 (0.23%) | 177 (0.25%) | 136 (0.20%) | |
| Biological sex of patients | ||||
| Male | 207,630 (44.56%) | 27,959 (39.40%) | 21,688 (31.58%) | <0.0001 |
| Female | 258,338 (55.44%) | 42,994 (60.60%) | 46,995 (68.42%) | |
| Primary payor | ||||
| Medicare | 279,009 (59.88%) | 39,011 (54.98%) | 36,641 (53.35%) | <0.0001 |
| Medicaid | 17,903 (3.84%) | 2,986 (4.21%) | 4,032 (5.87%) | |
| Private | 140,970 (30.25%) | 24,297 (34.24%) | 24,420 (35.56%) | |
| Self-pay | 2,474 (0.53%) | 332 (0.47%) | 247 (0.36%) | |
| Other | 25,611 (5.5%) | 4,327 (6.1%) | 3,342 (4.86%) | |
| Race of patient | ||||
| White | 330,671 (70.96%) | 48,813 (68.80%) | 47,427 (69.05%) | <0.0001 |
| Black | 38,451 (8.25%) | 7,703 (10.86%) | 9,075 (13.21%) | |
| Hispanic | 19,462 (4.18%) | 3,473 (4.90%) | 2,751 (4.01%) | |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 3,413 (0.73%) | 318 (0.45%) | 266 (0.39%) | |
| Native American | 1,978 (0.42%) | 288 (0.41%) | 330 (0.48%) | |
| Other or unknown | 71,991 (15.45%) | 10,357 (14.60%) | 8,834 (12.86%) | |
| Year of discharge | ||||
| 2006 | 39,303 (8.44%) | 4,510 (6.36%) | 2,336 (3.40%) | <0.0001 |
| 2007 | 42,324 (9.08%) | 4,914 (6.93%) | 2,683 (3.91%) | |
| 2008 | 47,870 (10.27%) | 6,403 (9.03%) | 4,606 (6.71%) | |
| 2009 | 45,358 (9.73%) | 5,851 (8.25%) | 5,607 (8.16%) | |
| 2010 | 49,894 (10.71%) | 6,947 (9.79%) | 6,881 (10.02%) | |
| 2011 | 52,149 (11.19%) | 7,982 (11.25%) | 8,270 (12.04%) | |
| 2012 | 50,235 (10.78%) | 7,935 (11.18%) | 9,050 (13.18%) | |
| 2013 | 50,315 (10.80%) | 8,755 (12.34%) | 9,870 (14.37%) | |
| 2014 | 50,620 (10.86%) | 9,820 (13.84%) | 10,745 (15.64%) | |
| 2015 | 37,900 (8.13%) | 7,835 (11.04%) | 8,635 (12.57%) | |
| Bed size of hospital | ||||
| Small | 81,509 (17.49%) | 12,325 (17.37%) | 11,853 (17.26%) | 0.7656 |
| Medium | 119,456 (25.64%) | 18,901 (26.64%) | 18,066 (26.30%) | |
| Large | 262,634 (56.36%) | 39,334 (55.44%) | 38,420 (55.94%) | |
| Unknown | 2,369 (0.51%) | 392 (0.55%) | 344 (0.50%) | |
| Location/teaching status of hospital | ||||
| Rural | 42,418 (9.10%) | 5,068 (7.14%) | 5,766 (8.40%) | <0.0001 |
| Urban nonteaching | 183,223 (39.32%) | 25,069 (35.33%) | 24,219 (35.26%) | |
| Urban teaching | 237,958 (51.07%) | 40,424 (56.97%) | 38,354 (55.84%) | |
| Unknown | 2,369 (0.51%) | 392 (0.55%) | 344 (0.50%) | |
| Region of hospital | ||||
| Northeast | 80,848 (17.35%) | 11,747 (16.56%) | 12,061 (17.56%) | <0.0001 |
| Midwest | 117,620 (25.24%) | 20,219 (28.50%) | 21,013 (30.60%) | |
| South | 177,236 (38.04%) | 24,679 (34.78%) | 25,050 (36.47%) | |
| West | 90,263 (19.37%) | 14,308 (20.17%) | 10,558 (15.37%) |