Table 1.
Direct links between circulating (dh)ceramides and cardiometabolic risk.
| T2D | CVD | |
|---|---|---|
| (dh)ceramide | HR (95%CI) | HR (95%CI) |
| Cer16:0 | – | 1.53 (1.15, 2.02) |
| Cer18:0 | 1.98 (1.43, 2.74) | – |
| Cer20:0 | 0.59 (0.39, 0.9) | – |
| Cer22:0 | 2.77 (1.72, 4.47) | – |
| dhCer20:0 | 1.32 (1.08, 1.63) | – |
| dhCer22:2 | 1.32 (1.07, 1.62) | 1.55 (1.23, 1.94) |
| dhCer26:1 | 0.86 (0.74, 0.99) | – |
Hazard ratio (HR) per one standard deviation higher plasma concentration in the EPIC-Potsdam cohort.
Risk estimates are from a model that mutually included all ceramides selected as direct effectors by the NetCoupler-algorithm (see methods section), further adjusting for total ceramide and total dihydroceramide concentrations, age (strata variable), sex, height, waist circumference, leisure-time physical activity, fasting status, antihypertensive medication, lipid-lowering medication, aspirin, total energy intake, smoking, alcohol consumption, educational attainment, plasma concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure; baseline-prevalent T2D cases were excluded from the diabetes risk model, and adjusted for in the CVD risk model.