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. 2022 Feb 4;15:799526. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.799526

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Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Zhang, Yue and Tian.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) The structure of the eyeball. (B) The structure of the retina and diagram of the retinal neurons. Notably, understanding the physiologic structure and function is critical for better exploring the relationship of visual function and morphological changes. The retina possesses complex and multilayer structures and a large number of cells with microcircuits features and different functions. ILM, inner limiting membrane; RNFL, retina nerve fibers layer; GCL, ganglion cell layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer; OPL, outer plexiform layer; ONL, outer nuclear layer; ORL, outer retina layer; RPE, retinal pigmented epithelium; RC, rod cell; CC, cone cell; BC, bipolar cell; HC, horizontal cell; AC, amacrine cell; DA AC dopaminergic amacrine cell; DA IPC, dopaminergic interplexiform cell; RGC, retinal ganglion cell.