Table 3.

Frequency of HLA-G expression and its clinical relevance in RCCs.

Cell Lines/tumor Samples/plasma Samples; Number of Samples	Method/Applied Antibody	Frequency of HLA-G Expression	Clinical Relevance	Study
18 primary RCC lesions	IHC (4H84)	primary RCC: 61.1%	none	(95)
with adjacent renal tissue
37 primary RCC lesions with adjacent renal tissue;	WB (mAbs MEM-G/9 and MEM-G/1)	primary RCC lesions: 27% RCC cell	none	(96)
24 RCC cell lines and 8 autologous normal kidney cells	qPCR	lines: 12.5% mRNA positive, RCC cell lines: 8.3% protein positive
14 RCC cell lines	WB (mAb	mRNA positive: 57%	n.a.	(43)
	4H84), qPCR	protein positive: 43%
109 primary RCC lesions,	IHC/WB (mAb 4H84);	primary RCC lesions: 47.7%	none	(97)
34 adjacent tumor negative renal tissue,	ELISA (MEM-G/9)	ccRCC: 49.5%
16 plasma samples of RCC patients		chromophobe: 50% (n: 2/4)
		collecting duct RCC: 50% (n: 3/6) RCC
		sHLA-G in RCC patients:
		39.5 U/ml
		normal controls: 19.2 U/ml (P = 0.002)
453 primary RCC lesions	IHC (mAb 4H84)	RCC samples: 49.9% membranous: 38.1% cytoplasmic expression	higher frequency of stronger cytoplasmic HLA-G staining in grade 3 tumors than lower grade tumors (p = 0.014)	(57)
33 plasma samples of RCC patients and healthy control group	ELISA	sHLA-G levels in RCC (46.6 U/ml) than in HC (18.3 U/ml); (p = 0.41)	correlation of higher sHLA-G levels with advanced tumor stage and progression	Rodrigo et al., 2016 (DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2016.34.15_suppl.e16066 Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 15_suppl)
	(MEM-G/9)

n.a., not analyzed.