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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 18.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2022 Jan 10;48(1):88–99. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2021.1995401

Table 2.

Increased and Decreased Frequency of Alcohol, Cannabis, and Nicotine Use From Spring 2019 (Pre-Pandemic) to Spring 2020 (During Pandemic)

Increased Frequency of Use Decreased Frequency of Use
n (%) [95% CI] n (%) [95% CI]
Alcohol
 Yes 94 (29.1%) [24.2%, 33.8%] 81 (25.1%) [20.3%, 29.9%]
 No 229 (70.9%) [66.2%, 75.8%] 242 (74.9%) [70.1%, 79.7%]
Cannabis
 Yes 34 (10.5%) [6.4%, 13.2%] 65 (20.1%) [15.9%, 24.6%]
 No 289 (89.5%) [86.8%, 93.6%] 258 (79.9%) [75.4%, 84.1%]
Nicotine
 Yes 6 (1.9%) [0.7%, 3.5%] 55 (17.0%) [13.3%, 22.0%]
 No 317 (98.1%) [95.6%, 100%] 268 (83.0%) [79.1%, 88.8%]

Note: Percentages indicate those students who used more or less frequently when comparing their substance use during the pandemic with their pre-pandemic use.