Table 5.
Behavioral Domain: Behavioral Variables Predicting Current Substance Use Frequency During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Substance Use Change Since the COVID-19 Pandemic
| Predictors | Alcohol Use Frequency1 | Alcohol Use Increase2 | Alcohol Use Decrease2 | Cannabis Use Frequency1 | Cannabis Use Increase2 | Cannabis Use Decrease2 | Nicotine Use Frequency1 | Nicotine Use Increase2 | Nicotine Use Decrease2 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | |
| Sleep | .03 | .06 | .03 | .02 | −.02 | .02 | .03 | .05 | .02 | .01 | −.03 | .02 | .03 | .04 | .01 | .01 | <.01 | .02 |
| Sleep Satisfaction | −.11 | .06 | −.01 | .02 | <.01 | .02 | −.15** | .07 | −.03* | .02 | −.01 | .02 | .04 | .04 | −.01 | .01 | .01 | .02 |
| Exercise | .02 | .09 | .01 | .03 | −.05 | .03 | −.08 | .08 | −.02 | .02 | .02 | .03 | −.04 | .07 | −.01 | .01 | −.03 | .03 |
| Time Outside | .17 | .09 | .06 | .03 | −.03 | .03 | .14 | .09 | −.01 | .02 | <.01 | .03 | .06 | .07 | <.01 | .01 | .03 | .03 |
Note:
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001;
1
Substance use frequency outcomes were measured in spring 2020 and indicated use since the onset of the coronavirus/COVID-19 crisis;
2
The change outcomes, both increase and decrease, combined frequency measures at two time points (spring 2020 - spring 2019). During spring 2019, frequency of use was measured in the past year for alcohol and cannabis and in the past month for nicotine.