Table 3:

Associations of childhood determinants with adult spirometric patterns across years 22–36 in TCRS

			N subjects^	Adult Restrictive Spirometric Pattern		Adult Obstructive Spirometric Pattern
				RRR (95% CI)*	p value	RRR (95% CI)*	p value
Nutritional status	Year 6	Normal weight	399	ref
		Underweight	18	2·83 (0·98, 8·22)	0·055	1·37 (0·37, 5·05)	0·63
		Overweight	59	0·64 (0·23, 1·75)	0·38	0·72 (0·28, 1·90)	0·51
		Obese	36	0·58 (0·19, 1·75)	0·34	0·70 (0·27, 1·81)	0·47
	Year 11	Normal weight	372	ref
		Underweight	23	7·58 (3·08, 18·65)	<0·001	2·52 (0·76, 8·34)	0·13
		Overweight	81	1·23 (0·57, 2·66)	0·59	1·40 (0·64, 3·06)	0·41
		Obese	72	0·87 (0·38, 2·03)	0·75	1·04 (0·49, 2·24)	0·91
	Year 16	Normal weight	334	ref
		Underweight	19	5·34 (2·01, 14·19)	0·001	2·62 (0·86, 8·00)	0·091
		Overweight	52	0·61 (0·22, 1·66)	0·34	1·46 (0·55, 3·88)	0·45
		Obese	66	1·60 (0·78, 3·31)	0·20	1·08 (0·49, 2·39)	0·85
Childhood nutritional status across Years 6–16	Normal weight		344	ref
	Underweight		41	3·03 (1·39, 6·59)	0·005	1·57 (0·67, 3·66)	0·30
	Overweight		98	0·86 (0·41, 1·81)	0·70	1·28 (0·62, 2·64)	0·51
	Obese		109	1·07 (0·56, 2·08)	0·83	0·83 (0·42, 1·65)	0·60
Childhood asthma across Years 6–16 †	No		492	ref
	Yes		157	1·51 (0·89, 2·57)	0·13	2·80 (1·67, 4·69)	<0·001
Current smoking Year 16	No		394	ref
	Yes		48	0·66 (0·30, 1·45)	0·30	1·54 (0·67, 3·51)	0·31
Smoking pack-years Year 16, per pack-year			454	0·34 (0·09, 1·27)	0·11	1·23 (0·85, 1·77)	0·27

^{^}Models included up to 1,659 lung function observations from years 22, 26, 32, and 36 (1,342 with normal, 155 with restrictive, and 162 with obstructive spirometric pattern)

^*Relative risk ratios (RRRs) are from multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for survey year, sex, and race/ethnicity. Normal spirometric pattern as the reference group.

^†Physician-confirmed diagnosis of asthma with active symptoms (asthma attacks or wheeze) at year 6, 11, or 16. ref=reference category. Significant associations are reported in bold font.