Figure 3. IS prolonged APD of NRVMs and increased the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia in CKD rats.

(A and B) Representative AP traces (A) and average values of APD₅₀ and APD₉₀ in NRVMs treated with or without 10μM IS (n = 5 per group). (C) Computational models of AP in control and IS treatment groups. (D–F) Representative electrocardiograms from a lead II (D), QT intervals, (E) and corrected QT intervals (F) in sham, CKD, and CKD plus BB536 groups (n = 5 per group). (G–I) Representative electrocardiograms from a lead II (G), QT intervals (H), and corrected QT intervals (I) in vehicle and IS treatment groups (n = 6 per group). (J and K) Representative electrocardiograms of the rats before and after the i.p. injection of isoproterenol and caffeine (J) and arrhythmia scores (K) in sham, CKD, and CKD plus BB536 groups (n = 5 per group). (L and M) Representative electrocardiograms of the rats before and after the i.p. injection of isoproterenol and caffeine (L) and arrhythmia scores (M) in vehicle and IS treatment groups (n = 6 per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-tailed Student’s t test (B, H, I, and M) and 1-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test (E, F, and K). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.