TABLE 1.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote or inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression
| Dual function | MSCs | Cell line | Impact on biological behavior | Mechanism | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Promotion | hBMSCs | Bel7407, Huh7, LM3, Hep3B | Promote growth, migration and invasion | MAPK pathway, EMT, ITGA5 | 12 |
| hADMSCs | Hep3B, Huh7, HCCLM3 | Inhibit proliferation, promote migration and invasion | ROS/MAPK/HIF‐1α signaling pathway | 13 | |
| hUCMSCs | 7402, Hep3b | Promote growth | COX2/PGE2/EP4 axis, YAP, AKT/mTOR/SREBP1 pathway | 14 | |
| Canine ADMSCs | AZACH | Promote proliferation and invasion | TGFβ1, EGF, HGF, PDGFβ, VEGFA, IGF2 | 15 | |
| HCC‐MSCs | 293T, Hep3B, PLC, Huh7, HepG2, MHCC‐97L, HCC‐LM3, SMMC‐7721 | Promote EMT and tumorigenesis | lncRNA‐MUF, ANXA2, miR‐34a, Wnt/β‐catenin | 16 | |
| hBMSCs | Bel‐7404, HepG2 | Promote migration and invasion | IL‐6/STAT3 pathway | 17 | |
| BMSCs | SNU‐398 | Promote migration and invasion | AQP1 | 18 | |
| hBMSCs | SNU‐398 | Promote migration and invasion | CXCR4 | 19 | |
| UCMSCs | HCCLM3 | Promote migration and invasion | TGF‐β | 20 | |
| Inhibition | UCMSCs | H7402 | Inhibit growth, migration and angiogenesis | — | 21 |
| BMSCs, UCMSCs | HepG2 | Inhibit growth and proliferation | — | 22 | |
| hUCMSCs | CCl4‐induced mouse liver tumor | Inhibit growth | anti‐oxidation | 23 | |
| UCMSCs | HepG2 | Inhibit growth, promote apoptosis | AFP, Bcl‐2, Survivin | 24 | |
| hAMSCs | HepG2 | Inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis | Wnt/β‐catenin and IGF‐1R/PI3K/AKT pathway | 25 | |
| MenSCs | HepG2, HuH‐7 | Inhibit growth | PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathway | 26 | |
| ADMSCs | HepG2/C3A/HB‐8065, PLC‐PRF‐5/CRL‐8024 | Inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion, promote apoptosis | P53, retinoblastoma, c‐Myc, hTERT, TIMP‐1/2/3 | 27 | |
| Continued inhibition | |||||
| Mouse BMSCs | The hepatic metastasis model of colorectal carcinoma | Suppress development, and promoted the anti‐tumor immunity | p65, iNOS, CD8+ T cells | 28 | |