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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 16.
Published in final edited form as: Neuron. 2022 Jan 7;110(4):644–657.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.12.014

Figure 1. Neonatal cries comprise syllables that are rhythmically timed within a breath.

Figure 1.

A, Example cry breath with cry frequency spectrogram (0-100 kHz) and breath pressure changes (dP/dt, arbitrary units). E and I, expiration and inspiration. Red bar, USV length. B, Example large breaths during a cry bout and surrounding basal breaths. C, Cry bout in B with four multi- (*) and three unisyllabic (▾) cries. Right, percent cry bout breaths with USV (n = 17 mice, mean±SD). D, Left, examples of expiratory airflow when one, two, or three syllables are within a breath. Right, histograms of cry onset normalized to expiratory duration (n = 5596 cries, 23 mice). E, Syllable length for uni-, bi-, and trisyllabic cries. *, one-sided t-test p < 0.05. F, Proportion of expiratory peaks in cry breaths with one (uni-) versus two or more (multisyllable) cries (n = 11,186 breaths, 30 mice). G, As in F, but the proportion of syllables with one or multiple expiratory airflow peaks.