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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 7.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2022 Feb 7;29(2):97–107. doi: 10.1038/s41594-021-00716-0

Extended Data Fig. 3. Electron cryo-tomography of liposomes before and after Cpx treatment.

Extended Data Fig. 3

Electron cryo-tomography of 100 nm LUVs with or without treatment of 10 μM Cpx. Three-dimensional surface representations and the corresponding two-dimensional cross sections are shown. In all cases, the scale bar represents 50 nm. The experiment was repeated twice. (a) Representative electron cryo-tomography of untreated 100 nm LUVs. (b) Representative electron cryo-tomography of 100 nm LUVs showing Cpx treatment often induced vesiculation. (c) Representative electron cryo-tomography of 100 nm LUVs showing Cpx treatment commonly causes LUVs to fragment into membranous networks. (d) Representative electron cryo-tomography of 100 nm LUVs showing Cpx treatment can cause LUVs to twist into highly curved structures.