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. 2021 Dec 11;59(2):1168–1182. doi: 10.1007/s12035-021-02620-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — DNA damage and cell cycle study. (a) Confocal microscopy analysis of V-SVZ slices from WT and APP/PS1 mice. Anti-ATM in red, anti-DCX in green and nuclei stained with Hoechst in blue. Scale bar = 75 μm. (b) Quantification of red fluorescence fold change shows an increase of ATM content in APP/PS1 mice. Mean values ± SD. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0001 vs WT (t = 11.35, df = 6). n = 3. (c) Quantification of co-localization of ATM⁺ cells (red) and DCX⁺ cells (green) indicates that DCX⁺ cells express more ATM in APP/PS1 mice. Mean values ± SD. Student’s t test. *p = 0.007 vs WT (t = 4.017, df = 6). n = 3. (d) Western blot analysis of p-γH2AX levels in V-SVZ homogenates from WT and APP/PS1 mice. Blots of three independent experiments were quantified by densitometry and normalized with α-tubulin levels. Mean values ± SD are shown. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0066 vs. WT (t = 4.063, df = 6). (e) Flow cytometry characterization of the cell cycle of V-SVZ cells from WT and APP/PS1 mice shows that cells in the S phase are less in APP/PS1 than in WT mice. Mean values ± SD. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0224 vs WT (t = 3.054, df = 6). n = 3. (f) Representative images of western blot of Cdh1 in V-SVZ from WT and APP/PS1 mice. Blots were quantified by densitometry and normalized with α-tubulin levels; mean values ± SD of four independent experiments are shown. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0018 vs. WT (t = 4.595, df = 8). (g) Western blot of cyclin B1 in V-SVZ from WT and APP/PS1 mice. Blots were quantified by densitometry and normalized with α-tubulin levels. Mean values ± SD of three independent experiments are shown. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0021 vs. WT (t = 5.151, df = 6). (h) Representative images of p35 levels (green) in V-SVZ from WT and APP/PS1 mice. Hoechst (blue) was used to identify cell nuclei. Scale bar = 75 μm. (i) Quantification of green fluorescence fold change shows a decrease in the p35 expression in APP/PS1 mice. Mean values ± SD. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0021 vs WT (t = 5.133, df = 6). n = 3. (j) Western blot of Cdk5 levels shows a decrease in V-SVZ from APP/PS1 compared to WT mice. Data are shown as mean values ± SD. Student’s t test. *p = 0.0266 vs WT (t = 2.279, df = 54). n = 4