Table 4.
Health-related quality of life (% reporting any level of problem in each EQ-5D dimension and self-assessed health rating) in survey 1 and survey 2
| Mobility | Self-care | Usual activities | Pain/Discomfort | Anxiety/Depression | % reporting ≥ 1 HRQL problem | Mean SAH rating | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Survey 1 (%) | Survey 2 (%) | Diff | n | Survey 1 (%) | Survey 2 (%) | Diff | n | Survey 1 (%) | Survey 2 (%) | Diff | n | Survey 1 (%) | Survey 2 (%) | Diff | n | Survey 1 (%) | Survey 2 (%) | Diff | n | Survey 1 (%) | Survey 2 (%) | Diff | n | Survey 1 | Survey 2 | Diff | |
| No additional treatment reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overall | 19,025 | 29.7 | 32.9 | 3.2 | 19,042 | 9.8 | 12.6 | 2.8 | 18,989 | 32.2 | 34.7 | 2.5 | 18,954 | 37.7 | 39.7 | 2.0 | 18,943 | 30.5 | 30.3 | − 0.2 | 18,518 | 57.5 | 58.5 | 1.0 | 18,869 | 79.1 | 78.9 | − 0.2 |
| Stage I/II | 10,938 | 26.7 | 29.4 | 2.7 | 10,935 | 8.8 | 10.8 | 2.0 | 10,911 | 29.0 | 31.5 | 2.5 | 10,883 | 36.2 | 37.8 | 1.6 | 10,891 | 29.4 | 28.7 | − 0.7 | 10,648 | 55.3 | 56.0 | 0.7 | 10,845 | 79.8 | 79.9 | 0.1 |
| Stage III | 3886 | 31.7 | 35.1 | 3.4 | 3901 | 10.3 | 13.1 | 2.8 | 3887 | 34.8 | 36.7 | 1.9 | 100 | 38.5 | 40.1 | 1.6 | 3871 | 31.7 | 32.0 | 0.3 | 3793 | 59.6 | 59.9 | 0.3 | 3,862 | 78.5 | 78.2 | − 0.3 |
| Stage IV | 1588 | 42.3 | 47.6 | 5.3 | 1592 | 14.1 | 20.8 | 6.7 | 1588 | 45.5 | 48.1 | 2.6 | 1587 | 46.6 | 50.8 | 4.2 | 1579 | 36.6 | 36.7 | 0.1 | 1541 | 68.2 | 71.2 | 3.0 | 1,577 | 75.9 | 74.8 | − 1.1 |
| < 55 years | 395 | 12.2 | 10.9 | − 1.3 | 395 | 4.8 | 6.3 | 1.5 | 394 | 23.6 | 20.8 | − 2.8 | 394 | 33.8 | 33.8 | 0.0 | 395 | 44.1 | 43.8 | − 0.3 | 389 | 59.6 | 59.1 | − 0.5 | 388 | 80.0 | 80.2 | 0.2 |
| 55–64 years | 3336 | 20.7 | 21.6 | 0.9 | 3342 | 8.2 | 9.3 | 1.1 | 3335 | 27.7 | 26.9 | − 0.8 | 3334 | 35.2 | 33.4 | − 1.8 | 3323 | 37.1 | 35.9 | − 1.2 | 3273 | 55.2 | 53.6 | − 1.6 | 3,306 | 79.6 | 80.1 | 0.5 |
| 65–74 years | 9502 | 25.2 | 27.7 | 2.5 | 9513 | 8.1 | 10.0 | 1.9 | 9484 | 27.9 | 29.7 | 1.8 | 9463 | 35.4 | 37.1 | 1.7 | 9453 | 28.9 | 28.5 | − 0.4 | 9270 | 53.7 | 54.0 | 0.3 | 9,430 | 80.4 | 80.4 | 0.0 |
| 75–84 years | 5193 | 41.0 | 46.5 | 5.5 | 5189 | 12.9 | 17.5 | 4.6 | 5173 | 40.4 | 45.7 | 5.3 | 5161 | 42.8 | 46.4 | 3.6 | 5169 | 27.9 | 28.0 | 0.1 | 5008 | 63.4 | 66.6 | 3.2 | 5,150 | 77.1 | 76.4 | − 0.7 |
| > 85 years | 597 | 65.7 | 76.1 | 10.4 | 601 | 23.0 | 33.6 | 10.6 | 602 | 60.1 | 71.3 | 11.2 | 600 | 46.8 | 61.7 | 14.9 | 601 | 30.6 | 37.6 | 7.0 | 577 | 78.9 | 86.3 | 7.4 | 593 | 71.6 | 68.4 | − 3.2 |
| Monitoring | 2962 | 26.8 | 29.3 | 2.5 | 2961 | 8.8 | 11.7 | 2.9 | 2961 | 25.5 | 30.2 | 4.7 | 2947 | 33.4 | 38.6 | 5.2 | 2958 | 28.8 | 27.7 | − 1.1 | 2889 | 53.6 | 56.3 | 2.7 | 2,954 | 80.3 | 80.0 | − 0.3 |
| Brachytherapy alone | 750 | 14.0 | 16.9 | 2.9 | 750 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 2.0 | 751 | 16.0 | 16.8 | 0.8 | 749 | 31.0 | 30.8 | − 0.2 | 747 | 24.8 | 24.6 | − 0.2 | 736 | 45.9 | 45.2 | − 0.7 | 747 | 83.5 | 83.4 | − 0.1 |
| Surgery alone | 5215 | 18.5 | 20.8 | 2.3 | 5219 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 0.9 | 5202 | 24.1 | 25.0 | 0.9 | 5200 | 30.4 | 30.8 | 0.4 | 5190 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 0.9 | 5107 | 48.5 | 49.0 | 0.5 | 5,157 | 82.1 | 82.2 | 0.1 |
| Surgery and EBRT (± ADT) | 1617 | 30.0 | 32.9 | 2.9 | 1623 | 10.5 | 14.4 | 3.9 | 1619 | 35.4 | 37.4 | 2.0 | 1611 | 38.9 | 39.3 | 0.4 | 1614 | 34.5 | 36.7 | 2.2 | 1573 | 60.7 | 61.5 | 0.8 | 1,597 | 78.1 | 77.7 | − 0.4 |
| EBRT alone | 1001 | 32.7 | 36.7 | 4.0 | 998 | 9.5 | 12.1 | 2.6 | 999 | 30.7 | 35.2 | 4.5 | 991 | 39.7 | 41.5 | 1.8 | 988 | 23.5 | 24.2 | 0.7 | 965 | 56.3 | 57.6 | 1.3 | 983 | 79.5 | 79.5 | 0.0 |
| EBRT and ADT | 5362 | 35.8 | 38.1 | 2.3 | 5369 | 11.5 | 13.6 | 2.1 | 5345 | 37.8 | 38.9 | 1.1 | 5338 | 43.8 | 44.2 | 0.4 | 5333 | 33.0 | 31.4 | − 1.6 | 5202 | 63.1 | 62.9 | − 0.2 | 5,335 | 77.2 | 77.4 | 0.2 |
| ADT alone | 1559 | 52.2 | 60.4 | 8.2 | 1561 | 19.2 | 26.8 | 7.6 | 1556 | 52.1 | 59.5 | 7.4 | 1560 | 46.7 | 53.1 | 6.4 | 1558 | 35.4 | 35.9 | 0.5 | 1501 | 73.4 | 77.0 | 3.6 | 1,539 | 73.0 | 71.6 | − 1.4 |
| Systemic therapy and ADT | 297 | 46.1 | 54.6 | 8.5 | 297 | 12.8 | 25.3 | 12.5 | 296 | 49.0 | 58.1 | 9.1 | 296 | 48.7 | 59.8 | 11.1 | 295 | 41.7 | 41.0 | − 0.7 | 293 | 74.1 | 79.5 | 5.4 | 296 | 74.4 | 72.1 | − 2.3 |
| Systemic therapy and EBRT (± ADT) | 262 | 42.0 | 52.7 | 10.7 | 264 | 13.6 | 22.7 | 9.1 | 260 | 48.9 | 52.7 | 3.8 | 262 | 47.7 | 52.7 | 5.0 | 260 | 39.2 | 35.8 | − 3.4 | 252 | 72.6 | 72.2 | − 0.4 | 261 | 74.7 | 73.5 | − 1.2 |
| Additional treatment reported | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Overall | 1873 | 33.7 | 40.3 | 6.6 | 1875 | 12.0 | 16.0 | 4.0 | 1872 | 35.2 | 42.8 | 7.6 | 1870 | 41.9 | 46.3 | 4.4 | 1863 | 34.9 | 36.3 | 1.4 | 1830 | 63.5 | 67.1 | 3.6 | 1,880 | 77.8 | 76.1 | − 1.7 |
| Monitoring to first active treatment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surgery* | 236 | 26.3 | 26.3 | 0.0 | 236 | 9.3 | 12.7 | 3.4 | 237 | 26.6 | 30.8 | 4.2 | 236 | 38.1 | 37.7 | − 0.4 | 235 | 33.2 | 31.1 | − 2.1 | 232 | 56.9 | 56.5 | − 0.4 | 239 | 78.9 | 78.9 | 0.0 |
| EBRT or brachytherapy** | 134 | 23.9 | 30.6 | 6.7 | 133 | 6.0 | 9.8 | 3.8 | 135 | 24.4 | 31.9 | 7.5 | 135 | 32.6 | 48.9 | 16.3 | 133 | 33.1 | 32.3 | − 0.8 | 130 | 55.4 | 67.7 | 12.3 | 134 | 79.1 | 77.2 | − 1.9 |
| ADT*** | 277 | 42.6 | 49.5 | 6.9 | 277 | 17.3 | 20.6 | 3.3 | 277 | 41.2 | 54.9 | 13.7 | 276 | 39.9 | 51.8 | 11.9 | 274 | 38.3 | 38.3 | 0.0 | 265 | 67.2 | 75.1 | 7.9 | 286 | 73.4 | 70.7 | − 2.7 |
| Additional active treatment | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surgery to surgery and EBRT (± ADT) | 246 | 23.2 | 28.9 | 5.7 | 246 | 6.1 | 11.0 | 4.9 | 246 | 27.6 | 32.9 | 5.3 | 245 | 36.3 | 35.9 | − 0.4 | 244 | 40.6 | 39.3 | − 1.3 | 243 | 60.9 | 61.3 | 0.4 | 245 | 82.3 | 79.4 | − 2.9 |
| EBRT to EBRT and ADT | 545 | 31.4 | 34.9 | 3.5 | 546 | 11.7 | 13.2 | 1.5 | 541 | 31.4 | 33.5 | 2.1 | 542 | 39.5 | 40.6 | 1.1 | 543 | 28.4 | 31.3 | 2.9 | 534 | 58.6 | 62.0 | 3.4 | 542 | 79.5 | 79.4 | − 0.1 |
| EBRT and ADT to surgery and EBRT (± ADT) | 64 | 35.9 | 45.3 | 9.4 | 61 | 14.8 | 14.8 | 0.0 | 64 | 35.9 | 57.8 | 21.9 | 64 | 50.0 | 59.4 | 9.4 | 62 | 38.7 | 48.4 | 9.7 | 61 | 63.9 | 75.4 | 11.5 | 65 | 75.7 | 74.2 | − 1.5 |
| EBRT and ADT to systemic therapy and EBRT | 116 | 36.2 | 49.1 | 12.9 | 117 | 12.8 | 21.4 | 8.6 | 117 | 41.0 | 55.6 | 14.6 | 116 | 55.2 | 64.7 | 9.5 | 117 | 42.7 | 50.4 | 7.7 | 115 | 73.9 | 79.1 | 5.2 | 115 | 75.5 | 71.6 | − 3.9 |
| ADT to systemic therapy and ADT | 137 | 40.2 | 52.6 | 12.4 | 137 | 11.0 | 20.4 | 9.4 | 137 | 43.1 | 62.0 | 18.9 | 137 | 46.0 | 53.3 | 7.3 | 135 | 33.3 | 37.0 | 3.7 | 135 | 72.6 | 75.6 | 3.0 | 136 | 75.5 | 72.3 | − 3.2 |
| ADT to EBRT and ADT | 84 | 36.9 | 50.0 | 13.1 | 84 | 10.7 | 13.1 | 2.4 | 83 | 41.0 | 49.4 | 8.4 | 83 | 47.0 | 50.6 | 3.6 | 85 | 44.7 | 27.1 | − 17.6 | 81 | 70.4 | 64.2 | − 6.2 | 82 | 76.5 | 73.9 | − 2.6 |
Due to the large number of men included in the study, statistical significance can be achieved with only small differences in outcomes, and these may not be clinically relevant. Results should be considered alongside previously estimated clinically meaningful differences. For EQ-5D: self-assessed health (7 points)
EBRT external beam radiotherapy, ADT androgen deprivation therapy
*Includes surgery alone and surgery with EBRT and ADT
**Includes EBRT, EBRT and ADT and brachytherapy treatments
***Includes ADT alone, EBRT and ADT, ADT and systemic and surgery and EBRT and ADT treatments