Relative abundance is shown for biofilm metagenome from vent sample 2016_B01, which was the cleanest unmanipulated sample retrieved (the relative abundance of other samples is provided in Supplementary Table 1). Concentrations of H2, H2S, and CO2 were previously determined for YLake vents in the Deep Hole [33, 35, 39]. Arrows either represent (i) autotrophic pathways, (ii) enzymatic conversions between sulfur species, or (iii) hydrogenases. Arrow color corresponds to the microbial lineage encoding that particular enzyme; arrow thickness is weighted by mean coverage for the contig containing the relevant gene/s. [apr = adenylylsulfate reductase; sat = sulfate adenylyltransferase; cys = adenylylsulfate kinase; phs = polysulfide reductase; dsr = dissimilatory sulfite reductase; sdo = sulfur dioxygenase; sre = sulfur reductase; sqr = sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase].