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. 2022 Feb 18;12:2820. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-06751-1

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Ultrastructure of maturation-stage ameloblasts. (A,B) Light microscopic observation of the semi-thin sections of maturation ameloblasts immediately after the transition stage confirms the presence of the ruffled border (arrowheads) in control ameloblasts, while in Wdr72^−/− ameloblasts, the alignment of the ameloblasts layers is more disorganized, and the ruffled border is not evident. P: papillary layer, Am: ameloblasts, Bar: 20 µm. (C,D) Transmission electron micrographs show highly developed ruffled border (RB) in the control ameloblasts (C). In the Wdr72^−/− ameloblasts, only some irregular membrane invagination is observed at the distal end of the cells, and the distribution of the cytoplasmic organelles is disorganized (D), Bar 1 µm. (E,F) Insets of (C,D), respectively, in the area outlined by the black box. In the distal part of the control ameloblasts, small endocytic vesicles are fused and form larger early endosomes and multivesicular bodies (E, arrows), whereas in the Wdr72^−/− ameloblasts, small endocytic vesicles do not appear to fuse (F, arrowheads). Bar: 1 µm.