Table 2.
Comparison of the diagnostic performance of the two bpMRI datasets for csPCa using a cutoff score of ≥ 3 according to the PI-RADS version 2.1.
| Prostate Radiologist | Region | Parameter | Reader | Conventional bpMRI | Synthetic bpMRI | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Expert | TZ | Sensitivity, % | 1 | 92.2 (47/51) | 88.2 (45/51) | 0.16 |
| 2 | 90.2 (46/51) | 88.2 (45/51) | 0.56 | |||
| 3 | 88.2 (45/51) | 90.2 (46/51) | 0.56 | |||
| Specificity, % | 1 | 83.7 (128/153) | 86.3 (132/153) | 0.16 | ||
| 2 | 87.6 (134/153) | 86.3 (132/153) | 0.53 | |||
| 3 | 84.3 (129/153) | 85.6 (131/153) | 0.59 | |||
| Positive predictive values, % | 1 | 65.3 (47/72) | 68.2 (45/66) | 0.35 | ||
| 2 | 70.8 (46/65) | 68.2 (45/66) | 0.42 | |||
| 3 | 65.2 (45/69) | 67.6 (46/68) | 0.45 | |||
| Negative predictive values, % | 1 | 97.0 (128/132) | 95.7 (132/138) | 0.55 | ||
| 2 | 96.4 (134/139) | 95.7 (132/138) | 0.68 | |||
| 3 | 95.6 (129/135) | 96.3 (131/136) | 0.66 | |||
| PZ | Sensitivity, % | 1 | 83.8 (31/37) | 81.1 (30/37) | 0.32 | |
| 2 | 81.1 (30/37) | 78.4 (29/37) | 0.35 | |||
| 3 | 81.1 (30/37) | 75.7 (28/37) | 0.16 | |||
| Specificity, % | 1 | 88.0 (147/167) | 86.8 (145/167) | 0.48 | ||
| 2 | 90.4 (151/167) | 87.4 (146/167) | 0.20 | |||
| 3 | 88.0 (147/167) | 86.8 (145/167) | 0.48 | |||
| Positive predictive values, % | 1 | 60.8 (31/51) | 57.7 (30/52) | 0.36 | ||
| 2 | 65.2 (30/46) | 58.0 (29/50) | 0.14 | |||
| 3 | 60.0 (30/50) | 56.0 (28/50) | 0.32 | |||
| Negative predictive values, % | 1 | 96.1 (147/153) | 95.4 (145/152) | 0.65 | ||
| 2 | 95.6 (151/158) | 94.8 (146/154) | 0.68 | |||
| 3 | 95.5 (147/154) | 94.2 (145/154) | 0.50 | |||
| Basic | TZ | Sensitivity, % | 1 | 84.3 (43/51) | 82.4 (42/51) | 0.64 |
| 2 | 82.4 (42/51) | 80.4 (41/51) | 0.35 | |||
| 3 | 84.3 (43/51) | 80.4 (41/51) | 0.16 | |||
| Specificity, % | 1 | 79.7 (122/153) | 76.5 (117/153) | 0.39 | ||
| 2 | 78.4 (120/153) | 76.5 (117/153) | 0.26 | |||
| 3 | 76.5 (117/153) | 75.8 (116/153) | 0.76 | |||
| Positive predictive values, % | 1 | 58.1 (43/74) | 53.8 (42/78) | 0.35 | ||
| 2 | 56.0 (42/75) | 53.2 (41/77) | 0.45 | |||
| 3 | 54.4 (43/79) | 52.6 (41/78) | 0.53 | |||
| Negative predictive values, % | 1 | 93.8 (122/130) | 92.9 (117/126) | 0.65 | ||
| 2 | 93.0 (120/129) | 92.1 (117/127) | 0.65 | |||
| 3 | 93.6 (117/125) | 92.1 (116/126) | 0.58 | |||
| PZ | Sensitivity, % | 1 | 81.1 (30/37) | 75.7 (28/37) | 0.16 | |
| 2 | 81.1 (30/37) | 75.7 (28/37) | 0.16 | |||
| 3 | 75.7 (28/37) | 73.0 (27/37) | 0.56 | |||
| Specificity, % | 1 | 81.4 (136/167) | 85.0 (142/167) | 0.11 | ||
| 2 | 86.2 (144/167) | 84.4 (141/167) | 0.32 | |||
| 3 | 85.0 (142/167) | 84.4 (141/167) | 0.78 | |||
| Positive predictive values, % | 1 | 49.2 (30/61) | 52.8 (28/53) | 0.35 | ||
| 2 | 56.6 (30/53) | 51.9 (28/54) | 0.25 | |||
| 3 | 52.8 (28/53) | 50.9 (27/53) | 0.50 | |||
| Negative predictive values, % | 1 | 95.1 (136/143) | 94.0 (142/151) | 0.65 | ||
| 2 | 95.4 (144/151) | 94.0 (141/150) | 0.58 | |||
| 3 | 94.0 (142/151) | 93.4 (141/151) | 0.70 |
bpMRI: bi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging; csPCa: clinically significant prostate cancer; PI-RADS: Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System; TZ: transition zone; PZ: peripheral zone; Conventional bpMRI: axial diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) scans with a b-value of 2000 s/mm2 + pre-biopsy pelvic axial conventional T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) scans; Synthetic bpMRI: axial DWI scans with a b-value of 2000 s/mm2 + synthetic T2WI scans
* p < 0.05, statistically significant