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. 2022 Feb 4;8(2):e25890. doi: 10.2196/25890

Table 3.

Outcomes of the included studies.

Study participants and sample sizes Outcome Baseline data Result P value
Agboola, 2016 [12]

126 English- or Spanish-speaking adults with type 2 diabetes and a hemoglobin A1c value of >7.0% Hemoglobin A1c value at 6 months (SD)

  • Control: mean hemoglobin A1c 8.38% (SD 1.37%)

  • Intervention: mean hemoglobin A1c 9.02% (SD 1.63%)

  • Control: mean hemoglobin A1c 8.17% (SD 1.6%)

  • Intervention: mean hemoglobin A1c 8.59% (SD 1.6%)

 .14
Arora, 2014 [28]

128 adults with poorly controlled diabetes Median change in hemoglobin A1c at 6 months (95% CI)

  • Control: mean hemoglobin A1c 10.0% (SD 1.7%)

  • Intervention: mean hemoglobin A1c 10.2% (SD 1.7%)

  • Control: median change in hemoglobin A1c –0.60 (95% CI –6.8 to 2.11)

  • Intervention: median change in hemoglobin A1c –1.05 (95% CI –5.9 to 2.8)

 .23
Fortmann, 2017 [1]

126 Hispanic adults with poor glycemic control

  • Mean hemoglobin A1c at 3 months and 6 months (SD)

  • Mean weight (lbs) and BMI at 3 months and 6 months (SD)

  • Mean BMI (kg/m2) at 3 months and 6 months (SD)

  • Control: mean hemoglobin A1c 9.6% (SD 1.4%)

  • Intervention: mean hemoglobin A1c 9.5% (SD 1.2%)

  • Control: mean weight 176.4 (SD 41.6) lbs

  • Intervention: mean weight 173.1 (SD 34.6) lbs

  • Control: mean BMI 32.2 (SD 6.6)

  • Intervention: mean BMI 31.5 (SD 6.0)

  • 3 months

    • Control: mean hemoglobin A1c 9.3% (SD 1.9%)

    • Intervention: mean hemoglobin A1c 8.5% (SD 1.2%)

  • 6 months

    • Control: mean hemoglobin A1c 9.4% (SD 2.0%)

    • Intervention: mean hemoglobin A1c 8.5% (SD 1.2%)

  • 3 months

    • Control: mean weight 174.2 (SD 39.7) lbs

    • Intervention: mean weight 176.2 (SD 33.0) lbs

  • 6 months

    • Control: mean weight 175.2 (SD 41.6) lbs

    • Intervention: mean weight 174.1 (SD 27.8) lbs

  • 3 months

    • Control: mean BMI 32 (SD 6.1)

    • Intervention: mean BMI 31.7 (SD 5.2)

  • 6 months

    • Control: mean BMI 32.1 (SD 6.6)

    • Intervention: mean BMI 31.9 (SD 5.4)

.03
Herring 2014 [29]

18 adult women with singleton infants delivered within the last 2 weeks to 12 months Mean weight loss (kg) at 14 weeks (SD)

  • No baseline weight data

  • Control: mean weight loss 0.5 (SD 2.3) kg

  • Intervention: mean weight loss 2.9 (SD 3.6) kg

 .04
Lin, 2015 [2]

124 African Americans adults Mean weight loss (kg) from baseline (95% CI)

  • Control: mean weight loss 101.2 kg (95% CI 95.7 kg to 106.7 kg) Intervention: mean weight loss 101.8 kg (95% CI 96.4 kg to 107.2 kg)

  • 3 months

    • Control: mean weight loss –0.2 kg (95% CI –1.0 kg to 0.7 kg)

    • Intervention: mean weight loss –2.6 kg (95% CI –3.8 kg to –1.5 kg)

  • 6 months

    • Control: mean weight loss –0.2 kg (95% CI –1.4 kg to 1.0 kg)

    • Intervention: mean weight loss –3.7 kg (95% CI –5.3 kg to –2.1 kg)

<.001 (3 months); .001 (6 months)
Phela, 2017 [30]

371 Hispanic adult women monitored 6 weeks to 12 months post partum Mean weight change (kg) at 6 and 12 months (95% CI)

  • Control: mean weight change 82.4 kg (95% CI 77.9 kg to 87.1 kg)

  • Intervention: mean weight change 82.5 kg (95% CI 77.5 kg to 87.5 kg)

  • 6 months

    • Control: mean weight change –1.0 kg (95% CI –1.8 kg to –0.2 kg)

    • Intervention: mean weight change –3.1 kg (95% CI –4.0 kg to –2.3 kg)

  • 12 months

    • Control: mean weight change –0.9 kg (95% CI –1.7 kg to –0.1 kg)

    • Intervention: mean weight change –3.2 kg (95% CI –4.1 kg to –2.4 kg)

<.001
Steinberg, 2013 [31]

50 African American women with obesity

  • Mean weight change (kg) at 6 months (SD)

  • Mean change in BMI (kg/m2) (SD)

  • Control: mean weight change 96.0 (SD 23.1) kg

  • Intervention: mean weight change 102.0 (SD 16.6) kg

  • Control: mean BMI change 34.6 (SD 5.8)

  • Intervention: mean BMI change 36.9 (SD 6.2)

  • Control: mean weight change 1.14 (SD 2.53) kg

  • Intervention: mean weight change –1.27 (SD 6.51) kg

  • Control: mean BMI change 0.42 (SD 0.90)

  • Intervention: mean BMI change –0.47 (SD 2.42)

 .09