Table 2.

Mental health outcomes of frontline nurses caring COVID-19 patients in intensive care units (n = 137)

Mental health outcomes	Mean ± SD or frequency
Anxiety (GAD scale)	6.48 ± 2.96
No anxiety (0–5)	62 (45.3%)
Mild anxiety (6–10)	61 (44.5%)
Moderate anxiety (11–15)	13 (9.5%)
Severe anxiety (16–21)	1 (0.7%)
Perceived stress (PSS-10)	17.34 ± 5.57
Mild distress (0–13)	43 (31.4%)
Moderate distress (14–26)	90 (65.7%)
Severe distress (27–40)	4 (2.9%)
Fear (FS-HPs)	11.75 ± 4.26
No fear (0–5)	10 (7.3%)
Mild fear (6–16)	67 (48.9%)
Moderate fear (17–27)	54 (39.4%)
67 (48.9%)	6 (4.4%)
Severity of insomnia (ISI)	6.66 ± 3.43
No clinically significant insomnia (0–7)	95 (69.3%)
Sub threshold insomnia (8–14)	38 (27.7%)
Clinical insomnia: moderate severity (15–21)	4 (2.9%)