Table 3.
Multilevel Regression Results of Leisure Crafting Predicting Well-Being
| Physical Thriving | Mental Health | Life Meaningfulness | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | Model 7 | Model 8 | Model 9 | Model 10 | Model 11 | Model 12 | |
| Constant | 3.14 | 3.50* | 3.27 | 3.55* | 6.51*** | 6.37*** | 6.19*** | 6.41*** | 6.55*** | 6.51*** | 6.89*** | 6.17*** |
| (1.64) | (1.64) | (1.66) | (1.65) | (1.54) | (1.53) | (1.52) | (1.52) | (1.79) | (1.80) | (1.82) | (1.81) | |
| Age | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | −0.10 | −0.10 | −0.09 | −0.10 | −0.09 | −0.09 | −0.09 | −0.10 |
| (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.08) | (0.08) | (0.08) | (0.08) | |
| Gender | −0.06 | −0.06 | −0.07 | −0.07 | −0.06 | −0.07 | −0.07 | −0.08 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| (0.15) | (0.15) | (0.16) | (0.16) | (0.14) | (0.14) | (0.14) | (0.14) | (0.17) | (0.17) | (0.17) | (0.17) | |
| Physical thriving (lag) | −0.28*** | −0.22** | −0.24*** | −0.22** | ||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | |||||||||
| Mental health (lag) | −0.36*** | −0.24** | −0.26** | −0.30*** | ||||||||
| (0.08) | (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | |||||||||
| Life meaningfulness (lag) | −0.15** | −0.14* | −0.15** | −0.16* | ||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.06) | |||||||||
| Seeking structural leisure resources (lag) | 0.12 | 0.01 | −0.01 | |||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Seeking social leisure resources (lag) | 0.12 | 0.06 | −0.04 | |||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Seeking leisure challenges (lag) | 0.19*** | 0.11 | 0.07 | |||||||||
| (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Reducing hindering leisure demands (lag) | 0.16** | 0.20** | 0.09 | |||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.07) | ||||||||||
| Seeking structural leisure resources | 0.13* | 0.14* | 0.16* | |||||||||
| (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Seeking social leisure resources | 0.14* | 0.15* | 0.14* | |||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.07) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Seeking leisure challenges | 0.17** | 0.18* | 0.16* | |||||||||
| (0.06) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Reducing hindering leisure demands | 0.26*** | 0.29*** | 0.29*** | |||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.06) | (0.06) | ||||||||||
| Level 2 variance | 0.22 (0.04) | 0.22 (0.05) | 0.23 (0.05) | 0.23 (0.05) | 0.20 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.04) | 0.19 (0.04) | 0.29 (0.05) | 0.29 (0.05) | 0.30 (0.06) | 0.30 (0.05) |
| Level 1 variance | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.16 (0.02) | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.15 (0.02) | 0.14 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.13 (0.02) | 0.12 (0.02) |
| −2LL | 343.00 | 354.55 | 345.93 | 345.77 | 314.91 | 327.63 | 321.66 | 311.52 | 330.71 | 332.52 | 343.30 | 330.00 |
Notes: N = 89 participants and N = 320 data points. ***p < 0.001; **p <. 01; *p < 0.05. “lag” refers to the lagged term. The standard error is reported in the brackets.