Table 3.
Associations of CKD with e’ in Base Model and Multivariate Regression Models
| Characteristic | Base Model | Base Model + PWV | Base Model + Pf | Base Model + Pb | Base Model + CSBP | Base Model + CPP | Base Model + LVEDV | Base Model + LVM | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | SB (SEM) | p value | |
| Age | −0.437 (0.056) | <0.01 | −0.389 (0.063) | <0.01 | −0.439 (0.056) | <0.01 | −0.440 (0.056) | <0.01 | −0.439 (0.061) | <0.01 | −0.434 (0.064) | <0.01 | −0.446 (0.056) | <0.01 | −0.434 (0.057) | <0.01 |
| Sex | 0.011 (0.070) | 0.87 | 0.013 (0.070) | 0.86 | 0.009 (0.071) | 0.90 | 0.014 (0.071) | 0.85 | 0.011 (0.071) | 0.88 | 0.012 (0.071) | 0.87 | 0.015 (0.070) | 0.83 | 0.009 (0.071) | 0.89 |
| Height | 0.082 (006) | 0.21 | 0.090 (0.066) | 0.17 | 0.082 (0.066) | 0.21 | 0.084 (0.066) | 0.20 | 0.082 (0.066) | 0.21 | 0.082 (0.066) | 0.21 | 0.042 (0.068) | 0.53 | 0.084 (0.066) | 0.20 |
| Waist-hip ratio | −0.088 (0.054) | 0.10 | −0.082 (0.054) | 0.13 | −0.103 (0.056) | 0.07 | −0.100 (0.056) | 0.08 | −0.088 (0.054) | 0.10 | −0.088 (0.054) | 0.10 | −0.085 (0.054) | 0.12 | −0.088 (0.054) | 0.10 |
| HDL-cholesterol | 0.007 (0.052) | 0.90 | 0.013 (0.052) | 0.81 | 0.007 (0.053) | 0.90 | 0.009 (0.053) | 0.86 | 0.006 (0.052) | 0.90 | 0.007 (0.053) | 0.89 | 0.021 (0.053) | 0.69 | 0.007 (0.052) | 0.87 |
| Diabetes | −0.076 (0.054) | 0.17 | −0.060 (0.055) | 0.27 | −0.059 (0.055) | 0.28 | −0.064 (0.055) | 0.25 | −0.076 (0.055) | 0.12 | −0.076 (0.055) | 0.17 | −0.077 (0.054) | 0.161 | −0.076 (0.055) | 0.16 |
| Smoking | −0.036 (0.054) | 0.51 | −0.027 (0.054) | 0.62 | −0.035 (0.054) | 0.52 | −0.036 (0.054) | 0.51 | −0.036 (0.054) | 0.51 | −0.035 (0.054) | 0.52 | −0.027 (0.054) | 0.62 | −0.036 (0.054) | 0.51 |
| Heart rate | −0.005 (0.053) | 0.92 | −0.006 (0.054) | 0.92 | −0.007 (0.054) | 0.89 | −0.008 (0.054) | 0.89 | −0.004 (0.057) | 0.94 | −0.007 (0.056) | 0.90 | −0.006 (0.054) | 0.91 | −0.005 (0.054) | 0.93 |
| MAP | −0.251 (0.049) | <0.01 | −0.223 (0.052) | <0.01 | −0.259 (0.050) | <0.01 | −0.255 (0.050) | <0.01 | −0.260 (0.131) | 0.05 | −0.248 (0.056) | <0.01 | −0.269 (0.050) | <0.01 | −0.250 (0.049) | <0.01 |
| PWV | −0.128 (0.071) | 0.07 | ||||||||||||||
| Pf | 0.073 (0.052) | 0.17 | ||||||||||||||
| Pb | 0.031 (0.050) | 0.53 | ||||||||||||||
| CSBP | 0.011 (0.142) | 0.94 | ||||||||||||||
| CPP | −0.007 (0.071) | 0.93 | ||||||||||||||
| LVEDV | 0.115 (0.053) | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||
| LVM | −0.013 (0.050) | 0.79 | ||||||||||||||
| CKD | −0.121 (0.055) | 0.03 | −0.064 (0.062) | 0.31 | −0.133 (0.056) | 0.03 | −0.112 (0.057) | 0.05 | −0.123 (0.062) | 0.04 | −0.119 (0.061) | 0.05 | −0.127 (0.055) | 0.02 | −0.120 (0.055) | 0.03 |
Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; PWV, pulse wave velocity; Pf, forward wave pressure; Pb, backward wave pressure; CSBP, central systolic blood pressure; CPP, central pulse pressure; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic volume; LVM, left ventricular mass; SB, standard regression coefficient; SEM, standard error of the mean; MAP, mean arterial pressure.