Table 1.
Patient characteristics: factors associated with reduced health-related quality of life and dyspnea 12 months after intensive care unit admission on univariate regression analysis
| All patients n = 94 |
12-month EQ-5D-3L Visual Analog Scale n = 82 |
12-month EQ-5D-3L Time trade-off n = 86 |
12-month mMRC dyspnea scale n = 86 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linear regression coefficient ± SD | P | Linear regression coefficient ± SD | P | Linear regression coefficient ± SD | P | ||
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 63 (49–70) | 0.09 ± 0.14 | 0.540 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.059 | 0.00 ± 0.01 | 0.915 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 67 (71) | 7.27 ± 3.71 | 0.053 | 0.13 ± 0.07 | 0.071 | − 0.20 ± 0.24 | 0.405 |
| Body mass index, kg.m−2, median (IQR) | 29.0 (26.3–33.6) | − 0.32 ± 0.25 | 0.216 | − 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.004 | 0.01 ± 0.02 | 0.413 |
| Overweight, n (%) | 39 (42) | − 2.11 ± 4.69 | 0.654 | − 0.14 ± 0.09 | 0.120 | 0.00 ± 0.29 | 0.992 |
| Obese, n (%) | 39 (42) | − 3.56 ± 3.52 | 0.315 | − 0.14 ± 0.07 | 0.042 | 0.15 ± 0.22 | 0.486 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| COPD, n (%) | 7 (7) | 2.67 ± 7.38 | 0.718 | 0.07 ± 0.14 | 0.596 | 0.50 ± 0.43 | 0.243 |
| Asthma, n (%) | 11 (12) | − 6.49 ± 5.13 | 0.210 | − 0.11 ± 0.1 | 0.283 | 0.09 ± 0.33 | 0.795 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 25 (27) | − 6.75 ± 3.92 | 0.089 | 0.01 ± 0.08 | 0.948 | 0.13 ± 0.25 | 0.596 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 43 (46) | − 4.67 ± 3.5 | 0.186 | 0.01 ± 0.07 | 0.895 | 0.14 ± 0.22 | 0.541 |
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 24 (26) | 1.94 ± 4.04 | 0.633 | 0.08 ± 0.08 | 0.294 | 0.05 ± 0.26 | 0.835 |
| Active smoker, n (%) | 32 (34) | − 8.81 ± 3.66 | 0.018 | − 0.07 ± 0.07 | 0.319 | 0.46 ± 0.23 | 0.045 |
| Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 8 (9) | − 5.5 ± 6.29 | 0.385 | 0.07 ± 0.12 | 0.537 | − 0.22 ± 0.38 | 0.566 |
| Immunosuppression, n (%) | 12 (13) | − 0.44 ± 5.40 | 0.935 | 0.08 ± 0.10 | 0.442 | − 0.12 ± 0.33 | 0.711 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | − 0.98 ± 0.93 | 0.297 | 0.01 ± 0.02 | 0.620 | 0.02 ± 0.06 | 0.746 |
Continuous variables are expressed as median (interquartile range [IQR]) and categorical variables are expressed as absolute value (%)
Health-related quality of life is assessed with the EQ-5D-3L (EuroQol Research Foundation https://euroqol.org). Quality of life time trade-off utility values were calculated using the French value set. Perceived health was rated on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). Dyspnea was assessed by the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale
mMRC, modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
The linear regression coefficients represent the average increase or decrease in the variable to be explained when we compare two subjects with explanatory quantitative variables that differ by one unit or when we compare two subjects with explanatory qualitative variables taking the reference value for one of the subjects and another value for the second subject